Emission of Volatile Oganic Compounds from Wood and Wood-Based Materials

Appendix 9: Additional Literature on Project Related Topics

Amoore, J. E., Hautala, E.:
"Odor as an Aid to Chemical Safety: Odour Thresholds Compared with Threshold Limit Values and Volatilities for 214 Industrial Chemicals in Air and Water Dilution". Journal of applied toxicology, Vol. 3 no. 6, 1983.

Andersson, K. et al.:
Allergistämma 96 7-8 november Norra Latin, Stockholm. Tema: Inomhusmiljö. Abstracts, Folkhälsoinst., 1996.

Allergy voice. Theme: Indoor Environment, National Institute of Public Health, Sweden 1996. (Swedish).

Appell, L.:
Physical Foundations in Perfumery. VIII The minimum perceptible. American Perfumes and Cosmetics. Vol. 84, March 1969.

Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet:
Opbygning af biologisk afprøvningssystem for luftvejsirriterende stoffer afgasset fra byggematerialer. Byggestyrelsen, december 1988.

National Institute of Occupational Health, Denmark. Construction of a Biological Test System for Respiratory Irritating Substances Emitted from Building Products. National Building- and Housing Agency. 1988. (Danish)

Arbejdstilsynet:
Toksikologisk vurdering af en række forureningsstoffer i indeluften. Rapport nr. 9/1982.

Danish Working Environment Service. Toxicological Evaluation of a Number of Pollutants in the Indoor Air. 1982. (Danish)

Back, J., Boyd, H.B., Lyngsaae, M., Hansen, L.V.:
"En vurdering af nogle allergifremkaldende stoffer i byggematerialer". Dansk Toksikologi Center. 1988.

An Evaluation of some of the Allergic Substances in Building Materials. Danish Toxicology Centre, 1988. (Danish)

Bakke, J. V., Knudsen, B.B.:
Allergy, Hypersensitivity and Chemical Substances. Summary and Conclusions. Nordic Committee on Building Regulations. Indoor Climate Committee. NKB Committee and Work Reports 1993:01E.

Bakke, J. V., Aas, K., Andersen, I., Knudsen, B.B., Lindvall, T., Nordman, H., Wahlberg, J.E.:

"NKB-report on chemicals and hypersensitivity in the airways. I: Classification of chemicals", Proceedings of Indoor Air '93, Vol. 1, 141-146, Helsingfors.

Bakke, J. V., Aas, K., Andersen, I., Knudsen, B.B., Lindvall, T., Nordman, H., Wahlberg, J.E.:

ANKB-report on chemicals and hypersensitivity in the airways". II: "Known and suspected initiators of asthma and potential harmful exposures", Proceedings of Indoor Air '93, Vol. 1, 147-152, Helsingfors.

Bakke, J. V.
Wood and indoor environment. What do we know about respiratory, sensitizing and irritating effects of wood ? Proceedings - Wood an Environmentally Friendly Material, Jönköping 15. - 17. April 1996, UN-ECE Timber Committee.

Baumann, M.:
"Unpublished results of emission of VOC's" from particleboard and MDF. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, W1, 1997.

Berglund, B., Johansson, I.:
"Health Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air". Archives of the Center for Sensory Research, Volume 3, Issue 1, 1996.

Bischof, W., Maroni, M., Bernhard, C., Bronisch, M., Heilemann, K.-J.:
European Database on Indoor Air Pollution Sources in Buildings: Toxicologically Related Assessment. Proceedings of Indoor Air >96 Nagoya.

Brockmann, C., Whitaker, D., Sheldon, L., Baskin, J., Leovic, K., Howard, E.:

AIdentification and Evaluation of Pollution Prevention Techniques to Reduce Indoor Emissions from Engeneered Wood Products. Research Triangle Park and US-EPA, Research Triangle Park, 1997.

CMHC:
"Building Materials for Environmentally Hypersensitive" Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, NH 15-90, 1993.

Cometto-Muñiz, Cain, W. S:
Mixtures of Volatile Organic Compounds: Detection of Odor, Nasal Pungency, and Eye Irritation. Proceedings of Healthy Buildings >95.

COWIConsult A/S:
"Indeklima i bygninger på forurenede grunde. Måleresultater og afværgeforanstaltninger", Bygge- og Boligstyrelsen Rapport april 1992.

Dansk Selskab for Indeklima:
AProduktstandard for Loft- og vægsystemer, 2 ed, 1997.

Dansk Selskab for Indeklima:
AProduktstandard for Indvendige døre og og mobilvægge, 1 ed, 1996

Danish Society of Indoor Climate. Product Standard for Interior Doors and Folding Partitions, 1996.

Dansk Selskab for Indeklima:
AProduktstandard for Halvhårde gulvbelægninger, laminat- og trægulve, 1 ed., 1998

Danish Society of Indoor Climate. Product Standard for Resilient Flooring, Wood-Based Floors and Laminated Floors, 1998.

Dansk Selskab for Indeklima:
AProduktstandard for Trægulvolier, 1 ed, 1998.

Danish Society of Indoor Climate. Product Standard for Oils for Wooden Floors, 1998.

Dansk Selskab for Indeklima:
AProduktstandard for Vinduer og yderdøre, 1 ed., 1998

Dansk Toksikologi Center:
"Preliminær screening af stoffer, der ingår i byggematerialer med henblik på allergifremkaldende egenskaber". Den Nordiske Komite for Bygningsbetemmelsers Indeklimaudvalg og Byggestyrelsen. December 1988.

Danish Toxicology Centre. Preliminary Screening of Substances Forming Part of Building Materials what regards Allergic Properties. National Building and Housing Agency, Denmark, 1988. (Danish)

Domanski, J.J:
AToxicology". Production, Chemistry, Utilization. Pulp Chemicals Association, NY, 1989.

Dravnieks, A.:
"Correlation of Odor Intensities and Vapor Pressures with Structural Properties of Odorants". Odor Sciences Center, IIT Research Institute, Chicago 1977.

Dueholm, S., Bülow, K.:
"Begrænsning af formaldehydafgivelse fra møbler og inventar". Dansk Teknologisk Institut, Afd. for Træteknik. 1991.

Limitations of the Emission of Formaldehyde from Furniture and Fixtures. Danish Technological Institute, Wood Technology, 1991. (Danish)

ECA:
Guideline for the characterization of volatile organic compounds emitted from indoor materials and products using small test chambers. EUR 13593 EN. European Collaborative Action (ECA), 1991.

Englund, F., Andersson, B.-I.:
Emissioner av flyktiga ämnen från trä och träprodukter. En översikt av internationell forskning. Trätek, Rapport I 9404023.

EPA Project on Office Seating. Emissions Testing Requirements. US Environmental Protection Agency, 1996.

Esfandabad, H.S.:
Perceptual Analysis of Odorous Irritants in Indoor Air. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 1993.

European Commission:
"European Concerted Action, Indoor Air Quality & Its Impact on Man, Environment and Quality of Life, Report No. 6, Strategy for Sampling Chemical Substances in Indoor Air" EUR 12617 EN, 1989.

European Commission:
"European Concerted Action, Indoor Air Quality & Its Impact on Man, Environment and Quality of Life, Report No. 8, Guideline for the Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Indoor Materials and Products Using Small Test Chambers ", EUR 13593 EN, 1981.

European Commission:
"European Concerted Action, Indoor Air Quality & Its Impact on Man, Environment and Quality of Life, Report No. 10, Effects of Indoor Air Pollution on Human Health", EUR 14086 EN, 1991.

European Commission:
"European Collaborative Action, Indoor Air Quality & Its Impact on Man, Environment and Quality of Life, Report No. 13, Determination of VOC emitted from indoor materials and products, Interlaboratory comparison of small chamber measurements", EUR 15054 EN, 1993.

European Commission:
"European Collaborative Action, Indoor Air Quality & Its Impact on Man, Environment and Quality of Life, Report No. 14, Sampling strategies for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air", EUR 16051 EN, 1994.

European Data Base on Indoor Air Pollution Sources in Buildings. (Final report in preparation).

Filipsson, A.F.:
"Toxicokinetics and acute effects of inhalation exposure to monoterpenes in man". Arbete och Hälsa 1995:3.

Fischer, M., Böhm, E., Brenske, K. R.:
Erkennung und Bewertung von Schadstoffemissionen aus Möbellacken. Schadstoffe und Umwelt, Band 12, 1994.

Flyvholm, M.-A., Bakke, J.V.:
Testing and discussion of the proposed criteria for the ability of chemical substances to cause allergy and hypersensitivity in the skin and lower airways. Summary Report. Nordic Committee on Building Regulations, Indoor Climate Committee.

NKB Committe and Work Reports 1994:03E.

Franke, D., Northeim., C., Black, M.:
Furnishings and the Indoor Environment". Journal Textile Institute, Vol. 86, No. 4, 1994.

GBR and SP - Trade standard:
Measurement of chemical emission from flooring materials. The Swedish National Flooring Trade Association (GBR) and the Swedish National Testing and Research Institute (SP), 1992.

Gemert, L.J. van, Nettenbreijer, A.H.:
"Compilation of Odour Threshold Values in Air and Water". National Institute for Water Supply, Voorburg, Netherlands. June 1977.

Hansemann, W.:
Einflüsse auf Restemissionen. Die Konzentrationen der Restemissionen aus lackierten Möbeln resultieren aus Lacksystem, Auftrasart, Trockung und Härtung. Holz- und Kunststoffverarbeitung 5/96.

Hansen, L.F.:
Helbredseffekter og gener ved udsættelse for formaldehyd. Byggestyrelsen. Rapport, december 1988.

Health Effects and Discomfort by Exposure to Formaldehyde. National Building and Housing Agency, Denmark, 1988. (Danish)

Hausen, B.M.:
"Holzarten mit gesundheitsschädigenden Inhaltsstoffen" Praxisbücher für die Holz- und Forstwirtschaft, 1973. DRW-Verlags. GmbH, Stuttgart.

Hausen, B.M.:

Woods, Injurious to Human Health. A manual. 1981 DeGruyter, Berlin.

Holz-Zentralblatt:
"Ein "Muß" für Möbel: umweltfreundlich und emissionsarm". Holz-Zentralblatt, Stuttgart Nr. 141, 24.11.95.

Howard, E.M., McCrillis, R.C., Krebs, K.A., Fortman, R., Lao, H.C., Guo, Z.:
AIndoor Emissions from Conversion Varnishes". US-EPA, Research Triangle Park and Acurex Environmental Corp., Durham, NC, 1997.

Hultengren, M., Tell, B.V.:
"Industriel ytbehandling av trä - egenskaper och risker". Trätek 1995.

Industrial Surface Treatment of Wood - Properties and Risks. The Swedish Institute for Wood Technology Research, 1994. (Swedish)

Indoor Air Quality Update, September 1995:
Emissions Guidelines for New Headquarters' Furniture. 1995 Cutter Information Corp.

Jann, O., Plehn, W., Wilke, O.:
AAnforderungen an Emissionsarmen Möbeln". WKI-Bericht Nr. 31, November 1995.

Jensen, B., Wolkoff, P.:
"VOCBASE - en database over lugttærskler, grænseværdier for slimhindeirritation og fysisk-kemiske parametre for flygtige organiske stoffer". Dansk Kemi. Nr. 4, 1997

VOCBASE - A Database of Odour Thresholds, Threshold Values for Mucous Irritation and Physical-Chemical Parametres for Volatile Organic Compounds, 1997. (Danish)

Jensen, O. F. D., Larsen, A., Abildgaard, A., Hansen, M. Kragh:
Oliebehandlede trægulve og indeklimaet. Nordiska kommittén för byggbestämmelser. NKB Utskotts- og och arbetsrapporter 1994:06.

Oil Treated Wooden Floors and Indoor Environment. Nordic Committee on Building Regulations, 1994. (Danish)

Jonsson, B.:
"Kemisk avgivning från rent trä". Statens Provningsanstalt. Projektmeddelande nr. 2, 1990.

Chemical Emission from Solid Wood. Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, 1990. (Swedish)

Jonsson, L., Lundgren, B.:
"Emissions from Building Materials during their Using Period". Proceedings of Healthy Buildings '95.

Karlberg, A-T., Lindell, B.:
Arbete och Hälsa. 1993:14. Nordiska Expertgruppen för Gränsvärdesdokumentation. 107 Limonen.

Work and Health. Nordic Expert Group for Threshold Value Documentation.107 Limonen. 1993. (Swedish)

Karlberg, A-T., Magnusson, K., Nilsson, U.:
Air Oxidation of d-limonene (the Citrus Solvent) Creates Potent Allergens. Contact Dermatitis 1992:26: 332-340.

Koontz, M. D., Hoag, M. L.:
Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Particleboard and Medium Density Fiberboard. The Forest Products Society, Madison, WI, Proceedings No. 7301, 1995.

Larsen, A.:
Optimalt valg af malematerialer til indvendige bygningsoverflader. NKB Utskotts- och arbetsrapporter 1993:03. Nordiska komittén för byggbestämmelser (NKB), Inomhusklimatutskottet, 1993.

Ideal Choice of Painting materials for Interior Building Surfaces. Nordic Committee on Building Regulations 1993. (Danish)

Larsen, A., Nielsen, P.A., Wolkoff, P.:
Introduction to the Principles behind the Danish Indoor Climate Labelling, Danish Society of Indoor Climate, February 1997.

Larsen, A., Wolkoff, P., Nielsen, P.A.:
A New Approach to Label the Emission of VOCs from Building Products. Part V: The Present Status and Organization in Denmark, Vol. 2, 1995, pp. 911-916.

Proceedings of Healthy Buildings >95,

Larsen, P.B., Larsen, J.C., Fenger, J., Jensen, S.S.:
ASundhedsmæssig vurdering af luftforurening fra vejtrafik". Miljøprojekt nr. 352. Miljøstyrelsen. 1997.

Evaluation of Health Impacts of Air Pollution from Road Traffic". The Danish Environmental Protection Agency, 1997. (Danish)

Leonardos, D. G., Kendall, D., Barnard, N.:
"Odor Threshold Determinations of 53 Odorant Chemicals". February 1969, Volume 19, no. 2.

Lundbeck, B.:
Terpener irriterar slemhinnor. Nordisk Träteknik Nr. 5-93.

Terpenes irritate the Mucous Membrane. 1993. (Swedish)

Mattrel, P., Richter, K.:
"Methode zur Bestimmung der Emission von Diphenylmethan-4-4'-diisocyanat (MDI) aus isocyanatgebundenen Holzwerkstoffen". Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 53 (1995) 321-326, Springer-Verlag 1995.

Marutzky, R., Hansemann, W., Salthammer, T.:
Emissionsarme Oberflächen für lackiertes Holz. Empfehlungen für die Praxis - dargestellt an Holz- und Holzwerkstoffteilen. Sonderdruck aus Holz-Zentralblatt Nr. 68/69 1996.

May, J.:
"Geruchsschwellen von Lösemitteln zur Bewertung von Lösemittelgerüchen in der Luft". Bayerisches Landesinstitut für Arbeitsschutz, München. Staub - Reinhalt. Luft 26 (1966) Nr. 9.

Meyer, B., Boehme, C.:
"Formaldehydabgabe von natürlich gewachsenem Holz". Holz - Zentralblatt Nr. 122, 12. Oktober 1994.

Miljø- og Energiministeriet Miljøstyrelsen:
Orientering fra Miljøstyrelsen, B-værdier Nr. 15, 1996.

Information on Values for Reduction of Air Pollution from Industries. The Danish Environmental Protection Agency. 1996. (Danish)

Miljø- og Energiministeriet Miljøstyrelsen:
Status og perspektiver for kemikalieområdet. Et debatoplæg fra Miljøstyrelsen, 1996.

Status and Perspectives for the Chemical Area. A Discussion Paper from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. 1996. (Danish)

Mølhave, L., Bach, B., Peterson, O.:
Human Reaction to Low Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds. Environ. Int. Vol. 12:165-167, 1986.

Mølhave, L., Dueholm, S., Jensen, L. K.:
"Assessment of Exposures and Health Risks Related to Formaldehyde Emissions from Furniture: A Case Study", Indoor Air 1995, Vol. 5: 104-119.

Mølhave, L., Kjaergaard, S.K., Pedersen, O.F., Jørgensen, A., Pedersen, T.:
"Human response to different mixtures of volatile organic compounds", Proceedings of Indoor Air '93, Helsingfors, Vol. 1, 555-560

Mølhave, L., Nielsen, G.D.:
Interpretation and Limitations of the Concept "Total Volatile Organic Compounds" (TVOC) as an Indicator of Human Responses to Exposures of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in Indoor Air. Indoor Air, Vol. 2, 65-77, 1992.

Mørck, H., Madsen J. Ogaard, Hersoug L.G, Oie, L.:
"Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) and health problems caused by impregnated wood windows". Proceedings of Indoor Air '93, Vol. 2.

Mørck, H., Ogaard Madsen, J., Hersoug, L.G., Øie, L.:
"Poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and Health Problems caused by Impregnated Wood Windows", Proceedings of Indoor Air '93, Vol. 2, 461 - 464.

Mørck, L. H., Øie, L., Larsen, L. G.:
Test av gran- und furupanel, afgasningsanalyser og inneklimateknisk vurdering. Ikke offentligtgjort prøvningsrapport

Test of Spruce and Pine Panels, Emission Analyses and Indoor Environment Technical Evaluation. Not published test report.

Nexø, B.A., Nielsen, G.D:
"Toksikologisk vurdering af indeklimaforureninger. Typiske forureninger fra jordforurening", Bygge- og Boligstyrelsen, Rapport februar 1993.

Toxicological Evaluation of Indoor Environment Pollution. Typical Pollution from Ground Pollution. National Building and Housing Agency, Denmark, 1993. (Danish)

Nielsen, G.D., Hammer, M., Hansen, L.F., Nexø, B.A., Poulsen, O.M.:
AFlygtige organiske forbindelser i indeklimaluft- stoffer, koncentrationer og vurdering Dansk Kemi No. 4, 1997."

Volatile organic compounds in the indoor air - compounds, concentrations and evaluation, 1997. (Danish)

Nielsen, G.D., Hansen, L.F., Hammer, M., Vejrup, K.V., Wolkoff, P.:
Chemical and Biological Evaluation of Building Material Emissions I. A Screening Procedure Based on a Closed Emission System. Indoor Air. Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 8-16, 1997.

Nielsen, G.D., Hansen, L.F., Nexø, BA, Poulsen, O.M.:
Toksikologisk baseret fastsættelse af normer for stoffer i indeklimaet.

Toxicological based Air Quality Guidelines for Substances in Indoor Air. Nordic Committee on Building Regulations, NKB Comittee and Work Report. 1996.11., Helsingfors 1997.

Nielsen, P.A., Wolkoff, P.:
"Indeklimamærkning af byggevarer. Del 1: Beskrivelse af en prototypeordning". SBI-rapport 232. Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut 1993.

Indoor Environment Labelling of Building Products. Part 1: Description of Prototype Organization. Danish Building Research Institute, 1993. (Danish)

Norbäck, D., Smedje, G.:
Sjuka hus symptom och astmasymptom i skolmiljön - betydelsen av inomhusluftens kvalitet och hälso-effekter av miljöförbätrande åtgärder. AMF 92-0166.

Hospital Symptom and Asthma in School Environments - The Importance of the Indoor Air Quality and Health Effects from Environmental Improvement, 1992. (Swedish)

Nordic Committe on Building Regulations:
Inomhusklimat - luftkvalitet. NKB-skrift nr. 61. Juni 1991.

Indoor Environment - Air Quality, Nordic Committee on Building Regulations, 1991.

Nordtest:
"Nordtest Method". Building Materials: Emission of volatile compounds, chamber method. NT Build 358, approved 1990-06.

Ruth, J.H.:
"Odor Thresholds and Irritation Levels of Several Chemical Substances: A Review". Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. (47), March 1986.

Saarela, K.:
Preliminary investigation of ammonia levels in indoor air and evaluation of ammonia sources. Proceedings of IAQ 92, Environments for People. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta 1993.

Saarela, K., Tirkkonen, T., Tähtinen, M.:
"Preliminary Data Base for Material Emissions", NKB Committee and Work Reports. Nordic Committee on Building regulations, NKB, Indoor Climate Committee. NKB Committee and Work Reports 1994:04E.

Salthammer, T.:
AEmission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Furniture Coatings". Indoor Air, Vol. 7. No. 3, p. 189-197, 1997.

Salthammer, T., Marutzky, R.:
"Emissionen organischer Verbindungen aus Möbeloberflächen". Sonderdruck aus Holz-Zentralblatt Nr. 144/95, und Nr. 6/96.

Salö, S.:
AAllergianpassade trähus. Trillinghusen i Talldalen". Trätek Rapport P 9309047, Stockholm 1993.

A wooden house modified for allergic persons. Multistorey houses in Talldalen. The Swedish Institute for Wood Technology Research, 1993. (Swedish)

Scanvac:
"Klassindelade Inneklimatsystem, Riktlinjer och specifikationer, Svenska Inneklimatinstitutet, R1, 1991.

Class divided indoor environment system. Guidelines and Specifications. Scanvac, 1991.

Schmidt, D.E.:
"Office Furnishings/Equipment & IAQ: Health Impacts, Prevention & Mitigation". Indoor Air Quality Update. A Guide to the Practical Control of Indoor Air Problems, from Cutter Information Corp. USA, 1995.

Schneider, U., Deppe, H.-J.:
"Methodenentwicklung von Phenolemissionsmessungen bei ausgewählten Holzspan- und Furnierplatten". Holz-Zentralblatt Nr. 135, 10. November 1995.

Seifert, B.:
Regulating Indoor Air. Proceedings of Indoor Air 1990, 35-49.

Sparks, L. E., Tichenor, B.A., Chang, J., Guo, Z.:
Gas-Phase Mass Transfer Model for Predicting Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Rates from Indoor Pollutant Sources. Indoor Air, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1996.

Sundin, B., Risholm-Sundman, M., Edenholm, K.:
Emission of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds (VOC) from sawdust and lumber, different wood-based panels and other building materials - A comparative study". 26th Particleboard/Composite materials Symposium, USA April 7-9, 1992.

Söderkvist, P.:
"Kriteriedokument för gränsvärden: Terpentin/Terpener (a-pinen, ß-pinen, ?³-caren)". Arbete och hälsa 1987:23.

Criterion Document for Threshold Values. Turpentin/Terpenes., 1987. (Swedish)

Tirkkonen, T., Mattinen, M.-L., Saarela, K.:
"Volatile organic compound (VOC) emission from some building and furnishing materials", Proceedings of Indoor Air '93, Vol. 2, 477-482. 1993.

Tirkkonen, T., Mroueh, U.-M., Orko, I.:
Evaluation of Tenax TA adsorbent as a a collection medium for volatile organic compounds in indoor air and material emission measurements - a literature survey. NKB committee and work report 1995:06E. Nordic Committee on Building Regulations (NKB), Indoor Climate Committee, 1995.

Trätek:
"Värdering af av hälsoeffekter av flyktiga ämnen från trä och träprodukter - gränsdragning och inventering". Dokumentation från ett seminarium på Trätek den 9 maj 1995, rapport P9510035.

The Swedish Institute for Wood Technology Research. Evaluation of Health Effects from Volatile Organic Compounds from Wood and Wood Products - Setting Thresholds and Invention. Documentation from a seminarium at Trätek on 9th May 1995. (Swedish)

Turner, S.L., Martin C.B., Sheldon, L.S., Howard, E.M.:
AOngoing Evaluation of Sources and Factors Affecting Emissions from Engineered Wood Products". Research Triangle Institute and US EPA, Research Triangle Park, 1997.

Wolkoff, P., Clausen, P.A., Nielsen, G.D.:
Flygtige organiske forbindelser - VOC=er i indeklimaet. State of the Science Report, National Institute of Occupational Health (Denmark), 1998.

Volatile Organic Compounds - VOC=s in the Indoor Climate. (Danish)

Wolkoff, P., Nielsen, P. A.:
"A new approach to label the emission of VOCs from building products". Part III: The total concept. Proceedings of Healthy Buildings >95, Vol. 2, pp. 899-904.

Wolkoff, P., Nielsen, P.A.:
How to Evaluate VOC Emissions from Building Products ? A Perspective. Procedings of Healthy Buildings/IAQ´97, Vol. 3, 491 - 496. Washington D.C., 1997.

Wolkoff, P., Nielsen, P.A.:
"Indeklimamærkning af byggevarer". Del 2: Faglig og teknisk dokumentation af en prototypeordning. SBI-Rapport 233. Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut 1993.

Indoor climate labelling of building products. Part 2. Technical documentation of a prototype labelling. Danish Building Research Institute, 1993. (Danish)

Wolkoff, P., Nielsen, P.A.:
Indoor Climate Labelling of Building Materials: The Experimental Approach for a Protoype. Characterizing Sources of Indoor Air Poluttion and Related Sink Effects, ASTM STP 1287, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1996, pp. 331-349.

Woodfield, M., Hall, D.:
"Odour Measurement and Control - An update". AEA Technology, National Environmental Technology Centre, Culham, GB, August 1994.

Woods, B., Calnan, C.D.:
Toxic Woods. British Journal of Dermatology. Vol. 94, Supplement 13, June 1976. Blackwell Scientific Publications.

World Health Organization (WHO):
"Indoor air quality: "Radon and Formaldehyde". Dubrovnik 26-30 August 1985.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, Copenhagen. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (European Series No. 23). 1987.

World Health Organization (WHO):
"Indoor Air Quality: Organic Pollutants". Report on a WHO-meeting, Euro Reports and Studies 111, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen. 1989.

World Health Organization (WHO):
"Indoor Air Quality: Biological contaminants". WHO Regional Publications European Series No. 31. 1990.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Environment and health indicators for use with a health and environment geographic information system (hegis) for Europe. 1993.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Guiding principles for the use of biological markets in the assessment of human exposure to environmental factors - an integrative approach of epidemiology and toxicology. 1993.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Update and revision of the air quality guidelines for Europe. 1993.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Methodology for assessment of exposure to environmental factors in application to epidemiological studies. Stockholm 14-15 August 1993.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Methodology and format for updating and revising the Air Quality Guidelines for Europe. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen. Bilthaven, Netherlands. September 1993.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Updating and revision of the air quality guidelines for Europe. Report on the WHO Group on Ecotoxic Effects. Les Diablerets, Switzerland, 21-23 September 1994.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Updating and revision of the air quality guidelines for Europe. Report on the WHO Working Group on Volatile Organic Compounds. Brussels, 2-6 October 1995.

World Health Organization (WHO):
"Air Quality Guidelines for Europe". Summary of the guidelines, pp. 20-30. WHO Regional Publications, European Series No. 23, Appendix 2. 1996.

World Health Organization (WHO):
Air Quality Guideline for Formaldehyde. In preparation, 1996/98.

Zellweger C., Hill, M., Gerig, R., Hofer, R.:
AEmissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) from Building Materials. Methods and Results". EMPA. Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Testing and Research, 1997.

Zhang, J.S, Shaw, C.Y.:
AMaterial Emissions and Indoor Air Quality Modelling". Proceedings of Indoor Air, <96, Vol. 1, pp. 913-918. Nagoya, 1996.

Zhang, J.S, Zhu, J.P., Tsuchinya, Y., Shaw, C.Y., Magee, R.J., Lusztyk, E., Kanabuus-Kaminska, M.:
AA Proposal Standard Practice for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (excluding formaldehyde). Emissions from Wood-Based Panels Using Small Environmental Chambers under Defined Test Conditions". IRC/NRC CME IAQ: Report 1.2 (06/97), Ottawa, 1997.