Toxicological evaluation and limit values for Methyl-tertiary-butyl
ether (MTBE), Formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde, Furfural
5. Regulations, limit values
| Ambient air |
Denmark (C-value): Furfural is adopted in Main Group 2, class I for
organic substances, but without an exact C-value (MST 1990). |
| Drinking water |
- |
| Soil |
- |
| OELs |
Denmark: 2 ppm, 7,9 mg/m3, H (At 1994). |
| Classification |
Furfural is classified for acute toxic effects (T;R23/25 - toxic by
inhalation and if swallowed) (MM 1993). |
| IARC/WHO |
Furfural is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3)
(IARC 1995). |
| JECFA/WHO |
The Committee considered that no ADI could be allocated to furfural
because of the evidence of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Direct addition as a flavour
was not appropriate, and its use as a solvent should be restricted to situations when
alternatives were not available. (JECFA 1993). |
| US-EPA |
Oral RfD: 0.003 mg/kg/day, based on a LOAEL of 11 mg/kg/day in a rat oral
subchronic study (NTP 1981 - quoted in IRIS 1995, it should be noted that this study is
the NTP-study published in 1990) and application of an uncertainty factor of 3000 (IRIS
1995). |
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