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Toxicological evaluation and limit values for Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), Formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde, Furfural

10. References

ACGIH (1996). TLVs and BEIs, threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents biological exposure indices.

Belpoggi F, Soffritti M and Maltoni C (1995). Methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) - A gasoline additive - causes testicular and lymphohaematopoetic cancers in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 11, 119-149.

Bird MG, Burleigh-Flayer HD, Chun JS, Douglas JF, Kneiss JJ and Andrews LS (1997). Oncogenicity studies of inhaled methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) in CD-1 mice and F-344 rats. J Appl Toxicol 17, S45-S55.

Borghoff SJ, Murphy JE and Medinsky MA (1996a). Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for methyl tertiary-butyl ether and tertiary-butanol in male Fischer-344 rats. Fund Appl Toxicol 30, 264-275.

Borghoff SJ, Prescott-Mathews JS and Poet TS (1996b). The mechanism of male rat kidney tumours induced by methyl tert-butyl ether and its relevance in assessing human risk. CIIT Activities, Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology 16, 1-8.

Cain WS, Leaderer BP, Ginsberg GL, Andrews LS, Cometto-Müniz JE, Gent JF, Buck, M, Berglund LG, Mohsenin V, Monahan E and Kjaergaard S (1994). Human reactions to methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE). Unpublished data from John B Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, CT 06519. (Quoted by IPCS 1996).

Cirvello JD, Radovsky A, Heath JE, Farnell DR and Lindamood C (1995). Toxicity and carcinogenicity of t-butyl alcohol in rats and mice following chronic exposure in drinking water. Toxicol Ind Health 11, 151-165.

ECETOC (1997). Methyl tert-butyl ether, health risk characterisation. Technical report no 72, European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, 126 p.

IARC (1995). Formaldehyde. In: Wood dust and formaldehyde, IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. International Agency for Research on Cancer/ WHO, vol 62, 217-362.

IRIS (1997). Methyl tert-butyl ether. In: Integrated Risk Information System. Database quest, last revision September 1993. US-EPA.

IPCS (1996). Methyl tertiary-butyl ether. Environmental Health Criteria (draft). World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety, Geneva. pp 150 (Quoted with permission of the IPCS).

Jensen MM (1997). Personal communication, the Division of contaminated soil, Danish EPA.

Johanson G, Nihlén A and Löf A (1995). Toxicokinetics and acute effects of MTBE and ETBE in male volunteers. Toxicology Letters 82/83, 713-718.

Larsen (1993). Gasoline and diesel fuel contaminated sites - a toxicological evaluation -. Environmental Project no. 223, Danish EPA. pp 205. (in Danish with English summary).

Lucier G, Genter MB, Lao YJ, Stopford W and Starr T (1995). Summary of the carcinogenicity assessment of MTBE conducted by the Secretary´s Scientific Advisory Board on toxic air pollutants. Environ Health Perspect 103, 420-422.

Mennear JH (1995). MTBE: not carcinogenic. Environ Health Perspect 103, 985-986.

Mennear JH (1996). MTBE: Possible human carcinogen or not. Proceedings from presentation at the Toxicology Forum 19-21 February, Capital Hilton, Washington, 139-151.

Miller MJ, Ferdinandi ES, Klan M, Andrews LS, Douglas JF and Kneiss JJ (1997). Pharmacokinetics and disposition of methyl t-butyl ether in Fischer-344 rats. J Appl Toxicol 17, S3-S12.

Mohr SN, Fiedler N, Weisel C and Kelly-McNeil K (1994). Health effects of MTBE among New Jersey garage workers. Inhal Toxicol 6, 553-562.

Møller Jensen and Arvin E (1990). Solubility and degradability of the gasoline additive MTBE, methyl tert-butyl ether, and gasoline compounds in water. In: Contaminated Soil ´90 (Eds. Arendt F, Hinsewald M, & van der Brink WJ), 445-448.

Prah JD, Goldstein GM, Devlin R, Otto D, Ashley D, House D, Cohen KL and Gerrity T (1994). Sensory, symptomatic, inflammatory, and ocular responses to the metabolism of methyl tertiary butyl ether in a controlled human exposure experiment. Inhal Toxicol 6, 521-538.

Prescott-Mathews JS, Wolf DC, Wong BA and Borghoff SJ (1997). Methyl tert-butyl ether causes a2m-globulin nephropathy and enhanced renal cell proliferation in male Fischer-344 rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 143, 301-314.

Robinson M, Bruner RH and Olson GR (1990). Fourteen- and ninety-day oral toxicity studies of methyl tertiary-butyl ether in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Am Coll Toxicol 9, 525-540.

Rudo KM (1995). Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) - evaluation of MTBE carcinogenicity studies. Toxicol Ind Health 11, 167-173.

Salanitro JP, Diaz LA, Williams MP and Wisniewski HL (1994). Isolation of a bacterial culture that degrades methyl-t-butyl ether. Appl Environ Microbiol 60, 2593-2596.

Tepper JS, Jackson MC and McGee JK (1994). Estimation of respiratory irritancy from inhaled methyl tertiary butyl ether in mice. Inhal Toxicol 6, 563-569.

Wibowo AAE (1994). Methyl-tert-butyl ether. Arbete och Hälsa no. 1994:22, pp 21.

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