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Arctic Mercury Releases Inventory

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgement

Symbols, units and acronyms

1 Executive summary

• 1.1 This inventory report
• 1.2 Summary of inventory results
• 1.3 Discussion of major source types
  • 1.3.1 Combustion of coal
  • 1.3.2 Non-ferrous metal production
  • 1.3.3 Waste treatment
• 1.4 Discussion of other selected sources

2 Introduction

• 2.1 Background
• 2.2 Objectives and preparation
  • 2.2.1 Objectives of the ACAP mercury project
  • 2.2.2 Questionnaire on mercury releases, wastes and uses
  • 2.2.3 Preparation of this report

3 Sources and releases of mercury from Arctic countries

• 3.1 Introduction to releases and cycling of mercury
• 3.2 Releases to the atmosphere from the Arctic countries
  • 3.2.1 Breakdown of atmospheric releases by source category across countries
  • 3.2.2 Breakdown of atmospheric releases by country
  • 3.2.3 Reported atmospheric and aquatic releases - by source types
• 3.3 National overviews of reported data
  • 3.3.1 Submitted data from Iceland
• 3.4 Mercury consumption and mobilisation

4 Discussion of major source categories

• 4.1 Combustion of carbon fuels
  • 4.1.1 Analysis of mercury releases from combustion of carbon fuels
  • 4.1.2 State of mercury release reductions from coal combustion in Arctic countries
  • 4.1.3 Options for further release reductions for coal combustion
• 4.2 Primary metal extraction
  • 4.2.1 Analysis of mercury releases from primary metal extraction
  • 4.2.2 State of release reductions in primary metal extraction in Arctic countries
  • 4.2.3 Options for further release reductions in the primary metal extraction sector
• 4.3 Waste treatment
  • 4.3.1 Analysis of mercury releases from waste treatment
  • 4.3.2 State of mercury release reductions in waste treatment in Arctic countries
  • 4.3.3 Options for future release reduction in waste treatment
• 4.4 Chlor-alkali production
• 4.5 Other selected release sources
  • 4.5.1 Mercury contatination from gold extraction in Russia
  • 4.5.2 Oil and gas extraction
  • 4.5.3 Dental amalgam
  • 4.5.4 Laboratory reagents
  • 4.5.5 "Least essential uses" elimination procedure
  • 4.5.6 Other mercury release sources

5 Reported landfills of special concern

6 Overview of existing action plan/strategy elements on mercury in the Arctic Countries

• 6.1 Common features of existing legislation in the Nordic countries
  • 6.1.2 Sweden
  • 6.1.3 Denmark
  • 6.1.4 Finland
  • 6.1.5 Norway
• 6.2 United States of America
• 6.3 Canada
• 6.4 Russian Federation
• 6.5 Selected regional initiatives
  • 6.5.1 The Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution and its 1998 Aarhus Protocol on Heavy Metals (LRTAP Convention)
  • 6.5.2 North American Regional Action Plan on Mercury
  • 6.5.3 The Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention)
  • 6.5.4 The Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area (Helsinki Convention)

References

Appendices: Links to national responses to mercury questionnaire

• Introduction to the ACAP mercury questionnaire
• Canada, questionnaire response
• Denmark, questionnaire response
• Finland, questionnaire response
• Norway, questionnaire response
• Sweden, questionnaire response
• The United States of America, questionnaire response
• The United States of America, memo on methods for release estimation for questionnaire
• Assessment of Mercury Releases from the Russian Federation (ACAP, 2004).
• Largest point sources identified in the Assessment of Mercury Releases from the Russian Federation (ACAP, 2004).

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Version 1.0 February 2005, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency