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Migration and health assessment of chemical substances in surface treated wooden toys

Contents

Preface

Sammenfatning og konklusioner

Summary and conclusions

1 Introduction

• 1.1 Background
• 1.2 Purpose
• 1.3 Product description
• 1.4 Target group
• 1.5 Project development

2 Survey

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Survey
• 2.3 Production
  • 2.3.1 Turnover of natural toys of wood
• 2.4 Surface treatment of wooden toys
• 2.5 Types of surface treatment
  • 2.5.1 Information on surface treatment
  • 2.5.2 Stains and glazes
• 2.6 Sampled toy types

3 Analysis results

• 3.1 Analysis methods
  • 3.1.1 Inorganic substances
  • 3.1.2 Organic substances
• 3.2 Migration of inorganic substances
  • 3.2.1 Analysis results
• 3.3 Migration of organic substances
  • 3.3.1 Analysis results
• 3.4 Selection of chemical substances for evaluation

4 Health assessment

• 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.1.1 Exposure duration
  • 4.1.2 Body weight
  • 4.1.3 Exposure route
  • 4.1.4 Uptake
• 4.2 Exposure scenarios
  • 4.2.1 Introduction
  • 4.2.2 Methodology
  • 4.2.3 Exposure via the mouth
• 4.3 Evaluation of individual substances
  • 4.3.1 2-Butoxyethanol
  • 4.3.2 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)-ethanol
  • 4.3.3 Cyclohexanone
  • 4.3.4 2,6 Dimethoxybenzoquinone
  • 4.3.5 3,6-Dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione
  • 4.3.6 2-Ethoxyethanol
  • 4.3.7 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-ethanol
  • 4.3.8 Formamide
  • 4.3.9 Furfural
  • 4.3.10 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde
  • 4.3.11 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • 4.3.12 3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (= isophorone)
  • 4.3.13 Vanillin
  • 4.3.14 Barium

5 Conclusion

6 References

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Version 1.0 July 2005, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency