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Survey of Estrogenic Activity in the Danish Aquatic Environment Part B

Contents

Summary and conclusions

Sammenfatning og konklusioner

1 Introduction

• 1.1 Background
• 1.2 Objectives
• 1.3 Project implementation
• 1.4 Part B vs. Part A reporting

2 Study design and methodology

• 2.1 Overview of investigations
• 2.2 Sampling strategy and locations
• 2.2.1 WWTPs and receiving streams
• 2.2.2 Septic tank effluents
• 2.2.3 Field drains
• 2.2.4 Follow-up on Part A samples
• 2.3 Sampling programme and methodology
• 2.4 Biological testing and chemical analysis
• 2.4.1 Selection of samples for biological testing and chemical analysis
• 2.4.2 Methodology - Aqueous samples
• 2.4.3 Methodology - Sediment samples
• 2.4.4 Detection and quantification limits

3 Results

• 3.1 WWTPs and receiving streams
• 3.2 Septic tank effluents
• 3.3 Field drains
• 3.4 Part A follow-up
• 3.4.1 Reference lake
• 3.4.2 Drain from sludge amended field

4 Discussion

• 4.1 Study design and methodology
• 4.1.1 Study design
• 4.1.2 Methodology
• 4.2 WWTPs and receiving streams
• 4.2.1 Estrogenic activity in effluents and streams
• 4.2.2 Estrogenic activity in sediment
• 4.2.3 Possibilities of upgrading existing small WWTPs
• 4.3 Septic tanks
• 4.4 Field drains
• 4.5 Part A follow-up

5 Conclusions

• 5.1 Simple WWTPs
• 5.2 Septic tank effluents
• 5.3 Field drains
• 5.4 Impact of discharges on small streams
• 5.4.1 Impact on water quality
• 5.4.2 Impact on sediment quality
• 5.5 Background levels

6 References

 

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Version 1.0 March 2006, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency