Deca-BDE and Alternatives in Electrical and Electronic Equipment
5 Substitutes for Deca-BDE by substance
- 5.1 Ethane-1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl)
- 5.2 Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide)
- 5.3 Bis(tribromophenoxy)ethane
- 5.4 Tetradecabromodiphenoxybenzene
- 5.5 Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)
- 5.6 Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether)
- 5.7 Brominated polystyrene
- 5.8 Poly(dibromostyrene)
- 5.9 Brominated epoxy polymer
- 5.10 Poly pentabromobenzyl acrylate
- 5.11 Phenoxy-terminated carbonate oligomer of
Tetrabromobisphenol A - 5.12 Tris(tribromophenoxy) triazine
- 5.13 Dodecachloro dodecahydro dimethano dibenzocyclooctene
- 5.14 Resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP)
- 5.15 Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BAPP)
- 5.16 Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP)
- 5.17 Cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP)
- 5.18 Triphenyl phosphate (TPP)
- 5.19 Triaryl phosphates butylated
- 5.20 Magnesium hydroxide
- 5.21 Red phosphorous
- 5.22 Ammonium polyphosphate
- 5.23 Melamine polyphosphate
- 5.24 Melamine Cyanurate
- 5.25 Organic phosphinates
- 5.26 Reogard 1000
The following chapter includes information on flame retardants that can substitute for Deca-BDE in V-0 grade plastics for one or more application. Flame retardants with a proprietary CAS No and chemical name are not included. For convenience, the indicated lists of resins exclude applications in foams, thermosets, textiles and coatings which are out of the scope of this study. V-0 grade may not be obtainable for all indicated resins.
The indicated market volumes include all applications of the substance as FR.
5.1 Ethane-1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl)
| CAS No. | 84852-53-9 | Ref. |
| Chemical name | Ethane-1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl) (EBP) | |
| Synonyms | Ethane-1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl) (SAYTEX® 8010) Decabromodiphenylethane, DBDE (Firemaster® 2100) Benzene, 1, 1'-(1, 2-ethanediyl)bis[2, 3, 4, 5, 6-pentabromo- (Firemaster® 2100) 1,2 Bis(pentabromophenyl) ethane EBP |
|
| Chemical formula |  |
[87] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | ABS, HIPS, PA, PBT/PET, PC, PP, PE, SAN, PC/ABS, HIPS/PPE, Thermoplastic elastomers, silicone, PVC, EPDM "SAYTEX® 8010 flame retardant is the most cost effective non-decabromodiphenyl-oxide (DECA) flame retardant for HIPS" "SAYTEX 8010 flame retardant can be used in a wide range of high performance applications. In particular it finds use in styrenic polymers, engineering resins, wire & cable and elastomers." "Firemaster 2100 is a general purpose, brominated, high-purity, non-DPO based flame retardant for a variety of polymers including styrenics, engineering polymers, polyolefins, and elastomers." |
[[85]] [87] [[86]] |
| Examples on trade names | SAYTEX® 8010 (Albemarle Corp.) Firemaster® 2100 (Great Lakes Chemicals Corp.) |
[[87]] [[88]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 2,500 tonnes in 1998 | [25] |
5.2 Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide)
| CAS No. | 32588-76-4 | Ref. |
| Chemical name | Ethylene bis(tetrabromophthalimide) | |
| Synonyms | Ethylene bistetrabromophthalimide (SAYTEX® BT-93) 1,2-bis (tetrabromophthalimido) ethane N,N'-Ethylenebis-3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalimide |
|
| Chemical formula |  |
[89] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | ABS, HIPS, PBT/PET, PC, PP, PE, SAN, PC/ABS, HIPS/PPE, Thermoplastic elastomers, silicone, PVC, EPDM "It finds use in polyolefins, high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), thermoplastic polyesters (PBT, PET, etc.), polycarbonate and elastomers." "Combining high UV resistance with very effective flame retardancy and recyclability, SAYTEX BT-93 is a popular choice for resins used in office automation equipment, such as photocopiers and printers where UV stability is an important performance criterion." |
[89] [85] |
| Examples on trade names | SAYTEX® BT-93 (Albemarle Corp.) BT-93 (Jiangsu Huading Refining Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., China) |
[[89]] [[90]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 5,250 tonnes in 1998 | [25] |
5.3 Bis(tribromophenoxy)ethane
| CAS No. | 37853-59-1 | |
| Chemical name | Bis(tribromophenoxy)ethane | |
| Synonyms | 1,2-Bis(tribromophenoxy)-ethane (Great Lakes Corp.) | |
| Chemical formula |  |
[[91]] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | HIPS, ABS, PC, UPE "The recommended alternatives to octa-PBDE in ABS are Firemaster FF-680 and Great Lakes BA-59PTM" "High bromine content, excellent thermal stability and good UV stability makes Great Lakes FF- 680 an outstanding flame retardant for HIPS, ABS, polycarbonate, thermoplastic, elastomers, unsaturated polyesters, adhesives, coatings, and textiles. Great Lakes FF-680 is especially efficient for applications in which thermal stability at high processing temperatures is important." |
[[92]] [[93]] [91] |
| Examples on trade names | FF-680 (Great Lakes Corp.) | [[94]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.4 Tetradecabromodiphenoxybenzene
| CAS No. | 58965-66-5 | |
| Chemical name | Tetradecabromodiphenoxybenzene | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
|
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | ABS, HIPS, PA, PBT/PET, PC, PP, PE, SAN, PC/ABS, HIPS/PPE, silicone, EPDM "SAYTEX 120 flame retardant finds application in high performance polyamide and linear polyester engineering resins and alloys. It also finds application in polyolefins, wire & cable, and styrenic resins." |
[[95]] |
| Examples on trade names | SAYTEX 120 (Albemarle Corp.) | [95] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.5 Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)
| CAS No. | 79-94-7 | |
| Chemical name | Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
[96] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | ABS, HIPS, PC "As an additive flame retardant, SAYTEX CP-2000 flame retardant is widely used in ABS." "Great Lakes BA-59P, tetrabromobisphenol A, is a brominated aromatic flame retardant used in thermoplastic and thermoset resin systems." "It is also cost-effective as an additive flame retardant in applications such as ABS…" |
[96] [97] [98] |
| Examples on trade names | SAYTEX® CP-2000 (Albemarle Corp.) BA-59P (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet FR-1524 (TBBA) (ICL Industrial Products) MSDS |
[[96]] [[97]] [[98]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 11,600 tonnes in 2001 (probably mainly reactive use) | [18] |
5.6 Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether)
| CAS No. | 21850-44-2 | |
| Chemical name | Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether) | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
[99] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | HIPS, PP, PE, crystal PS "SAYTEX HP-800A flame retardant is designed for use in PP (homopolymer and copolymer) and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) applications, mostly UL 94 V2." Very effective in PP and in HIPS at low dosage. Along with the melting characteristics of SAYTEX HP-800A flame retardant, this results in minimal impact on mechanical properties of the resin. • Good thermal stability • Usually used with antimony trioxide for maximum flame retardant performance" "Great Lakes PE-68 is recommended as an additive flame retardant for polyolefin resins"(Great Lakes Corp.) |
[99] [99] |
| Examples on trade names | SAYTEX® HP-800A, HP-800AG, and HP-800AGC (Albemarle Corp.) PE-68 (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet FR-720 (ICL Industrial Products) 403AF (LG Chem) (HIPS with Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether) |
[[99]] [[100]] [[101]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 1,500 tonnes in 1998 (mainly reactive use) | [25] |
5.7 Brominated polystyrene
| CAS No. | 88497-56-7 | |
| Chemical name | Brominated polystyrene | |
| Synonyms | Benzene, ethenyl, homopolymers, brominated | |
| Chemical formula | SAYTEX® HP-3010  SAYTEX® HP-7010G  |
[103]; [104] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PA, PP, PBT/PET/PCT, PC/ABS, HIPS/PPO "For FR large connectors made of Polyamide, you won’t find better cost-performance flame retardants than SAYTEX® HP-7010 or PYRO-CHEK® 68PB" "SAYTEX HP-7010 flame retardant provides outstanding thermal stability and electrical performance. It is particularly suitable for engineering plastic applications such as polyesters (PET, PBT, PCT) and polyamides (nylons)" "SAYTEX PBT-620 flame retardant is designed specifically for injection molding grades PBT" "Great Lakes PBS-64 is a polymeric flame retardant for polyamides and thermoplastic polyesters (PBT and PET)." |
[[102]] [104] [105] [106] |
| Examples on trade names | SAYTEX® HP-3010 ; SAYTEX® HP-7010G ; SAYTEX® PBT-620 (blend with polyester resin); PYRO-CHEK®68PB (Albemarle Corp.) FIREMASTER® PBS-64 (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet FIREMASTER®BP 411 (Great Lakes Corp.) Firemaster® CP-44HF (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet (Note: For CP-44HF and PBS-64 the Technical Data Sheet identifies CAS No. 148993-99-1 whereas the Safety Data Sheets identifies CAS No. 88497-56-7 ) |
[[103]]; [[104]]; [[105]]; [[106]] [[107]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.8 Poly(dibromostyrene)
| CAS No. | 148993-99-1 | |
| Chemical name | Poly(dibromostyrene) | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
[108] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PBT/PET, PA "Great Lakes PDBS-80 is a polymeric flame retardant for polyamides and thermoplastic polyesters (PBT and PET)" "Firemaster® CP-44HF is a polymeric flame retardant designed for polyamides and thermoplastic polyesters (PBT and PET). It is the preferred flame retardant for applications where improved flow is a requirement." |
[108] |
| Examples on trade names | PDBS-80 (Great Lakes Corp.) Material Safety Sheet (Note: For CP-44HF and PBS-64 mentioned above Technical Data Sheet identifies CAS No. 148993-99-1 whereas the Safety Data Sheet identifies 88497-56-7 ) |
[[108]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.9 Brominated epoxy polymer
| CAS No. | 68928-70-1 | |
| Chemical name | Brominated epoxy polymer | |
| Synonyms | Tetrabromobisphenol A - Tetrabromobisphenol A diglycidyl ether | |
| Chemical formula |  |
[109] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PBT, HIPS, ABS, PC/ABS F-2300H is a high molecular weight brominated epoxy polymer, designed for use as a flame retardant additive for thermoplastic polyesters (PBT and PET), thermoplastic elastomers, alloys (e.g. PC/ABS) and others. |
[109] |
| Examples on trade names | FR 2300 (ICL Industrial Products) MSDS | [[109]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.10 Poly pentabromobenzyl acrylate
| CAS No. | 59447-57-3 | |
| Chemical name | Poly pentabromobenzyl acrylate | |
| Synonyms | PBB-PA, pentabromobenzyl polyacrylate | |
| Chemical formula |  |
[110] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PBT, PET, PA, styrenic copolymers "FR- 1025 is a polymeric flame retardant with a high content of aromatic bromine and good thermal stability. It is especially suitable for engineering thermoplastics, PET, PBT, nylon and styrenic copolymers. FR-1025 exhibits inherent advantages over other halogenated FR additives currently offered for the same application, as a result of its oligomeric nature, high bromine content and excellent thermal stability." |
[110] |
| Examples on trade names | FR-1025 (PBB-PA) (ICL Industrial Products) MSDS | [[110]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.11 Phenoxy-terminated carbonate oligomer of Tetrabromobisphenol A
| CAS No. | 94334-64-2 71342-77-3 |
|
| Chemical name | Phenoxy-terminated carbonate oligomer of Tetrabromobisphenol A | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
[7] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PBT/PET, PC, ABS, PC/ABS, polysulfone, SAN "Great Lakes BC-52 is a brominated, aromatic flame retardant for thermoplastic resin systems. Great Lakes BC-52, a white powder, offers excellent thermal stability, UV stability and color in the final part. Great Lakes BC-52's unique combination of properties makes it a suitable flame retardant in PBT, PET, PET/PBT blends, PC, ABS, ABS/PC blends, Polysulfone, and SAN." |
[111] |
| Examples on trade names | 94334-64-2: Great Lakes BC-52 Safety Data Sheet (Great Lakes Corp.) 71342-77-3: Great Lakes BC-58HP MSDS |
[[111]] [[112]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.12 Tris(tribromophenoxy) triazine
| CAS No. | 25713-60-4 | |
| Chemical name | Tris(tribromophenoxy) triazine | |
| Synonyms | 2,4,6-Tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5 triazine Tris(tribromophenyl) cyanurate |
|
| Chemical formula |  |
[[113]] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PE, ABS, HIPS "In both HIPS and ABS, FR-245 is cost efficient and offers an excellent combination of melt flow, impact and light stability properties." |
[35] |
| Examples on trade names | FR 245 (ICL Industrial Products) | [113] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.13 Dodecachloro dodecahydro dimethano dibenzocyclooctene
| CAS No. | 13560-89-9 | |
| Chemical name | Dodecachloro dodecahydro dimethano dibenzocyclooctene | |
| Synonyms | 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,13,13,14,14- dodecachloro- 1,4,4a,5,6,6a,7,10,10a,11,12,12a -dodecahydro- 1,4:7,10 - dimethanodibenzo (a,e) cyclooctene Dechlorane Plus |
|
| Chemical formula |  |
|
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PA, ABS, PP, Epoxy "Dechlorane Plus® is an excellent flame retardant for all nylons with or without glass fiber reinforcement. UL-94 V-0 ratings are possible to thicknesses of 1/64" (0.4 mm), while maintaining the excellent electrical and physical properties." "PBT has been successfully used in conjunction with Dechlorane Plus® to produce flame retardant connectors." "Dechlorane Plus® is more efficient flame retardant in ABS than some popular brominated additives." |
[114] |
| Examples on trade names | Dechlorane Plus® series (Occidental Petroleum Corporation) MSDS | [[114]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.14 Resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP)
| CAS No. | 57583-54-7 | |
| Chemical name | Resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP) | |
| Synonyms | Phosphoric trichloride, polymer with 1, 3-benzenediol, phenyl ester; Tetraphenyl resorcinol diphosphate (Reofos RDP) | [[115]] |
| Chemical formula |  |
[117] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PC/ABS "Reofos® RDP is a high molecular weight phosphate ester flame retardant which can impart superior flammability performance and lower volatility than is obtainable with conventional triaryl phosphates." "Fyrolflex RDP, an oligomeric phosphate ester flame retardant plasticizer, was designed for use in engineering resin applications such as polyphenylene oxide and PC/ABS. Fyrolflex RDP has demonstrated effectiveness as a process aid in ABS, HIPS, and other high-performance engineering plastic applications." |
[116] [117] |
| Examples on trade names | Reofos RDP (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet Fyrolflex RDP (Supresta/Akzo Nobel) |
[[116]] [[117]] |
| Extent of the application | EU: >1500 tonnes "Used throughout Europe - roughly 20,000 metric tons in the EU TV enclosure market" This volume has not been confirmed by other sources and seems to be very high. Total tri-aryl/alkyl phosphates: Western Europe: 18,500 t |
[[118]] [12] [25] |
5.15 Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BAPP)
| CAS No. | 181028-79-5 | |
| Chemical name | Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BAPP) - same as BDP |
|
| Synonyms | Phosphoric trichloride, reaction product with Bisphenol A and phenol (Great Lakes Corp.) | |
| Chemical formula |  |
[120] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PC/ABS, PPE/HIPS blends "Reofos BAPP is recommended for thermoplastic applications, in particular PC/ABS, because of its ability to increase resistance to stress cracking, improve resistance to degradation during humid aging and impart flame retardancy. Also, Reofos BAPP has a much lower volatility than traditional triaryl phosphates." "PC/ABS and PPO/HIPS blends are the material of choice for higher end electronic enclosures. NcendX® P-30 liquid phosphorus flame retardant is an outstanding performer in PC/ABS and PPO/HIPS blends. It actually improves resin melt flow and exhibits outstanding thermal stability, excellent hydrolytic stability, low migration and low volatility" |
[120] [[119]] |
| Examples on trade names | Reofos BAPP (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet NcendX P-30 (Albemarle Corp.) |
[[120]] [[121]] |
| Extent of the application | See for RDP above |
5.16 Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP)
| CAS No. | 5945-33-5 | |
| Chemical name | Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP) - same as BAPP |
[[122]] |
| Synonyms |  |
[123] |
| Chemical formula | ||
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | ABS, HIPS, PPE/PC "Fyrolflex BDP, an oligomeric phosphate ester, was designed for use as a flame retardant plasticizer in engineering resin applications such as polyphenylene oxide and polycarbonate blends. Fyrolflex BDP has demonstrated effectiveness as a process aid in ABS, HIPS and other high-performance engineering plastic applications." |
[123] |
| Examples on trade names | Fyrolflex BDP (Akzo Nobel/Supresta) | [[123]] |
| Extent of the application | See for RDP above |
5.17 Cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP)
| CAS No. | 26444-49-5 | |
| Chemical name | Cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP) | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
[[124]] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PC/ABS, PF, Epoxy, PUR-foams "Disflamoll DPK is used as a plasticizing flame retardant in flexible PVC. It has excellent flame retarding characteristics in PF and EP resins, in TPU’s, PC/ABS blends and PUR foams (rigid and flexible). It is suitable for flame lamination." *No data indicating that V-0 grade can be obtained is identified |
[125] |
| Examples on trade names | Disflamoll® DPK (Lanxess) | [[125]] |
| Extent of the application | EU: >1500 t See for RDP above |
[118] |
5.18 Triphenyl phosphate (TPP)
| CAS No. | 115-86-6 | |
| Chemical name | Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) | |
| Synonyms | Triaryl phosphate (Reofos TPP) Triphenyl phosphate (Fyrolflex TPP) |
|
| Chemical formula |  |
[126] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PC/ABS, modified PPO, Phenolic "Reofos® TPP is a well-established plasticizer that imparts flame retardancy, permanence, good processing and good surface finish to a wide variety of resins. It is a traditional, cost effective non-halogen flame retardant." "Reofos TPP can be used to impart improved processing properties, flame retardancy and increased physical property performance in cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, PC/ABS, modified PPO and epoxy resins. End-use applications include films, lacquers and molding powders." |
[126] |
| Examples on trade names | Reofos TPP (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet Fyrolflex TPP (Akzo Nobel/Supresta) Disflamoll® TP (Lanxess) |
[[126]] [[127]] [[128]] |
| Extent of the application | EU: >1500 t See for RDP above |
[118] |
5.19 Triaryl phosphates butylated
| CAS No. | 68937-40-6 | |
| Chemical name | Triaryl phosphates butylated | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula |  |
[129] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PC/ABS "Reofos 507 is recommended for thermoplastic applications, in particular PC/ABS, because of its ability to increase resistance to stress cracking, improve resistance to degradation during humid aging and impart flame retardancy." *No data was identified indicating that V-0 grade can be obtained. |
[129] |
| Examples on trade names | Reofos 507 (Great Lakes Corp.) Safety Data Sheet | [[129]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.20 Magnesium hydroxide
| CAS No. | 1309-42-8 | |
| Chemical name | Magnesium hydroxide | |
| Synonyms | Magnesium dihydroxide; Magnesium hydrate | |
| Chemical formula | Mg(OH)2 | |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | Thermoplastic polyester and elastomers, polyolefin, PVC, EPDM, PE/ EVA Regarding connectors: "For halogen-free compounds, we suggest MAGNIFIN® flame retardants. MAGNIFIN products are the only additive that allows compounders to achieve UL 94 v-0 flame retardancy…" |
[102] |
| Examples on trade names | MAGNIFIN® H-7 C (Albemarle Corp.) | [[130]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 2,400 tonnes in 1998 (all magnesium FRs) | [25] |
5.21 Red phosphorous
| CAS No. | 7723-14-0 | |
| Chemical name | Red phosphorous | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula | ||
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PA, PE RED PHOSPHOROUS is normally used in flame-retardant-modified polymer compounds in a concentration range between 5 and 15% (w/w), which corresponds to 8 to 25% (w/w) Exolit RP 690 in the finished compound. In glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6.6, 10 to 13% (w/w) Exolit RP 690 is usually sufficient to obtain the UL 94 V-0 classification for electrical components (1.6 mm). |
[131] |
| Examples on trade names | Exolit RP 690 and others in the RP series (Clariant GmbH) | [[131]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 1,100 tonnes in 1998 | [25] |
5.22 Ammonium polyphosphate
| CAS No. | 14728-39-9 68333-79-9 |
|
| Chemical name | Ammonium polyphosphate | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula | (NH4PO3)n | |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PE, PP "Exolit AP 750 may be used in a range of thermoplastics, especially polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers and polyolefin blends. It is suitable both for extrusion and injection moulding applications. In addition Exolit AP 750 is suitable for use in hot melt adhesives or coating compounds." |
|
| Examples on trade names | Exolit AP 750 (TP) and others in the AP series (Clariant GmbH) | [[132]] |
| Extent of the application | Western Europe: 7,750 tonnes in 1998 (all ammonium phosphate FRs) | [25] |
5.23 Melamine polyphosphate
| CAS No. | 218768-84-4 | |
| Chemical name | Melamine polyphosphate | |
| Synonyms | ||
| Chemical formula | 
|
[[133]] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PA, TPU "MELAPUR 200/70 is a melamine based halogen free flame retardant for glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66." |
[134] |
| Examples on trade names | MELAPUR® 200/70 (Ciba) Exolit AP 750 (Clariant GmbH) |
[[134]] [[135]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.24 Melamine Cyanurate
| CAS No. | 37640-57-6 | |
| Chemical name | Melamine cyanurate | |
| Synonyms | 1,2,5-triazine-2,4,6 (1H,3H,5H)-trione, compound with 1,3,5 triazine-2,4,6 triamine (1:1) (MELAPUR® MC XL) | |
| Chemical formula |  |
[137] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PA, thermoplastic PUR "MELAPUR MC XL is used as an effective flame retardant, primarily for electrical & electronic applications (connectors, switches, housings, etc) made from polyamide or TPU. In unfilled or mineral filled compounds it gives a UL 94 V-0 rating; in glass filled systems only a UL 94 V-2 rating is possible." |
[136] |
| Examples on trade names | MELAPUR® MC XL, MELAPUR® MC50, MELAPUR® MC25 (Ciba) FR-6120 (ICL Industrial Products) |
[[136]] [[137]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.25 Organic phosphinates
| CAS No. | 225789-38-8 | |
| Chemical name | Organic phosphinates | |
| Synonyms | Diethylphosphinic acid, aluminium salt | |
| Chemical formula |  |
[[138]] |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PA, PBT "In glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 or 6.6, a dosage of 15 to 20 % (by wt.) Exolit OP 1312 is usually sufficient to obtain the UL 94 V-0 classification for electrical components (at 1.6 as well as 0.8 mm thickness). Subject to the polymer grade, processing conditions and glass-fibre reinforcement the dosage of the flame retardant may vary." |
[[139]] |
| Examples on trade names | Exolit® OP 1312 M1 ; Exolit® OP 1311 and others in the series (Clariant GmbH) | [[140]] [[141]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
5.26 Reogard 1000
| CAS No. | A Blend of: Pentaerythritol Phosphate Alcohol CAS No 5301-78-0 Melamine Phosphate CAS No:- 41583-09-9 Cryst Silica Quartz CAS No:- 14808-60-7 |
[143] |
| Chemical name | A Blend of: Pentaerythritol Phosphate Alcohol, Melamine Phosphate and Cryst Silica Quartz |
|
| Synonyms | CN-2616 | |
| Chemical formula | - | |
| Resins to be used with the flame retardant (solid plastics and wire/cable only) | PP "CN-2616 is a nitrogen-phosphorus proprietary flame retardant system for polyolefins. It is targeted primarily at the UL 94-V0 polypropylene applications but its performance benefits could also make it suitable for other polyolefin applications such as the wire and cable or building industries." |
[[142]] |
| Examples on trade names | Reogard 1000 (Great Lakes Corp.) | [[143]] |
| Extent of the application | No data |
Version 1.0 February 2007, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency