Plant & Location |
Influent |
Sludge |
Final effluent |
Rem/loss |
Remarks |
Ref. |
|
Conc. in samples of water
(ng/l) |
% |
|
|
Denmark in 1998-2001:
Jeksen (Hørning) |
410-1,100 |
|
50-920 |
92-96 |
(n=6) |
(Boutrup 2001 ) |
Lyngby (Århus) |
<500-1,300 |
|
<100-1,100 |
40-72 |
(n=3-6) |
Ormslev (Århus) |
<500-600 |
|
<100-130 |
41-92 |
(n=3) |
Tåstrup (Århus) |
<100-2,600 |
|
380–1,800 |
-20-38 |
(n=5-6) |
Tranbjerg |
560 |
|
|
|
(n=1) |
Mårslet |
<100 |
|
|
|
(n=1) |
Trige |
<100 |
|
|
|
(n=1) |
Harlev |
1,500 |
|
|
|
(n=1) |
Marselisborg |
<100-1,300 |
|
<500-1,400 |
|
(n=5) |
Randers |
700-3,000 |
|
<500-1,200 |
|
(n=5) |
|
|
<100-4,000 |
|
(n=3) |
(Christiansen 2001) |
Egå |
|
|
<500 |
|
(n=1) |
(Boutrup 2001 ) |
|
|
<100-<100 |
|
(n=3) |
(Christiansen 2001) |
Søholt |
|
|
<500-<500 |
|
(n=3) |
(Boutrup 2001 ) |
Fornæs |
|
|
<500 |
|
(n=1) |
(Boutrup 2001 ) |
Viby |
3,400-17,000 |
|
<500-(160?) |
|
(n=3) |
(Boutrup 2001 ) |
|
|
<100-<100 |
|
(n=3) |
(Christiansen 2001) |
Skanderborg |
|
|
<500 |
|
(n=1) |
(Boutrup 2001 ) |
Boeslum |
|
|
<500 |
|
(n=1) |
Beder |
|
|
<100-<100 |
|
(n=3) |
(Christiansen 2001) |
Rønde |
|
|
<100-<100 |
|
(n=3) |
Voel |
|
|
<100-2,200 |
|
(n=3) |
Balle |
|
|
<100-160 |
|
(n=3) |
Ørum |
|
|
<100-<100 |
|
(n=3) |
Sweden |
|
|
~
500 |
|
Continuously sampling in 72-h (n=1) |
(Larson 1999) |
Germany:
Ulm & Neu-Ulm (1998) |
542; 3,010 |
|
162; 258 |
70; 91 |
24-h sampling period (n=2) |
(Körner 2000) |
Ulm & Neu-Ulm, Langenau, Blaubeuren
(2000) |
|
|
4.8-47 |
|
Grab samples taken in the morning (n=16) |
(Kuch 2001) |
Ditzingen (1998) |
|
|
130 |
|
24-h time-proportional
sampling
(n=1 from each STP) |
(Spengler 2001) |
Ludwigsburg-Eglosheim (1998) |
|
|
40 |
|
Ludwigsburg-Poppenweiler (1998) |
|
|
40 |
|
Stuttgart-Mühlhausen (1998) |
|
|
100 |
|
Stuttgart-Möhringen (1998) |
|
|
80 |
|
Stuttgart-Büsnau (1998) |
|
|
50 |
|
Hechingen (1998) |
|
|
80 |
|
Albstadt-Ebingen (1998) |
|
|
30 |
|
Sindelfingen (1998) |
|
|
1,000 |
|
Donaueschingen (1998) |
|
|
110 |
|
Blaubeuren (1998) |
|
|
140 |
|
Ulm (1998) |
|
|
80 |
|
Pforzheim (1999) |
|
|
190 |
|
Industrial STP 1 (1999) |
|
|
20 |
|
Industrial STP 2 (1999) |
|
|
<10 |
|
Lahr (1999) |
|
|
640 |
|
Waiblingen (1999) |
|
|
110 |
|
Leutkirch (1999) |
|
|
20 |
|
Samples collected from 39
STPs in 1997 |
|
4-1,363 ng/g dw |
21-7022 |
|
Analytical method: GC-MS
(n = 37 for effluents)
(n = 38 for sludge) |
(Fromme 2002) |
|
|
18-160 |
|
Analytical method: HPLC
(n = 37 for effluents) |
Austria:
1 STP |
10,000-37,000 |
|
n.d-2,500 |
95(in average) |
Flow-proportional composite samples
(n=5-7)
(The major part of bisphenol A came from a paper production) |
(Fürhacker 2000) |
USA, Texas STPs |
94-150 |
|
20-55 |
|
(n=3-4) |
(Rudel 1998) |
Septic tanks |
|
|
110-1,7003 |
|
(n=5) |
Japan
27 STPs (1998-1999) |
40-9,600 |
|
100-1,000 |
(30->99 in autumn &
winter) |
Range for 27 STPs |
(Nasu 2001) |
Canada in 1999:
Burlington 1 STP |
193 |
3164 |
31 |
84 |
Influent and effluent: 24-h
composit samples
Sludge: grab samples
(n=1 from each STP)
(Development of analytical methods) |
(Lee 2000) |
Calgary 2 STPs |
219; 278 |
789; 7954 |
35; 147 |
47; 83 |
Galt 1 STP |
954 |
1,5904 |
201 |
79 |
Toronto 4 STPs |
232-2,440 |
268-12,5004
197-8,7305 |
48-223 |
79-96 |
1: No chemical analysis of sludge samples was performed. E.screen assay and mass
balance over the STP showed that less than 3 % of the estrogenic activity was found in the
sludge. The E-screen assay measures the repons from the total pool of estrogens and
xenoestrogens.
2: One sample was under the detection limit of 0.1 ng/l
3: Anaerobic condition in the septic tanks
4: Digested sludge (ng/g dw)
5: Raw sludge (ng/g dw)
|