Environmental Project No. 1092 2006 – Fuel use and emissions from non-road machinery in Denmark from 1985-2004 - and projections from 2005-2030

Fuel use and emissions from non-road machinery in Denmark from 1985-2004 - and projections from 2005-2030

Preface

The non road sector comprises a large group of different types of mobile machinery and working equipment. The machines are used in the agricultural and forestry sectors, for building and construction purposes, by the manufacturing industry, and by private and professionals for household and gardening purposes. A certain use of recreational craft also takes place. Taken as a whole, the non road sector shares of the Danish fuel use and emission totals are significant, and the need for accurate and detailed emission data in the annual national emission inventories makes it necessary to make precise emission calculations for the non road sector also.

The National Environmental Research Institute of Denmark (NERI) is responsible for the annual Danish emission reporting to the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Changes) and the UNECE CLRTAP (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Convention of Long Range Transboundary Air Pollutants) conventions and the EU Monitoring Mechanism. In the national inventory, the non road machinery types are classified as equipment used in agriculture, forestry, industry, household/gardening and inland waterways, and fuel use and emission figures are stored in the central CollectER database for all Danish sources.

Outside the official national system for inventorying and annual emission reporting, three specific Danish studies have been made to quantify the fuel use and emissions from non road machinery and recreational craft.

A 1990 inventory was made in two separate studies by Dansk Teknologisk Institut (1992 and 1993), covering all non road sources. The 1992 report comprised fuel use and emission results for agricultural machinery and construction machinery, while the 1993 study contained a fuel use and emission inventory for small working equipment in industry, households and gardening. The latter study also included fuel use and emission estimates for recreational craft. An updated inventory for 2000 was made by Bak et al. (2003) with a special focus on agricultural machines, fork lifts, household and gardening equipment, and recreational craft.

Until now, much of the Danish background data gathered has been used together with European fuel use and emission factors from EMEP/CORINAIR (2003), to make the official Danish non road emission estimates. However, due to the relative importance of the non road emission sources and due to the fact that much of the operational data and fuel use/emission information used in the NERI inventory has been outdated, there is a pressing need for a complete inventory revision.

The aims of this project is to make an updated 1985-2004 inventory of fuel use and the emissions of SO₂, NO_x, NMVOC, CH₄, CO, CO₂, N₂O, NH₃ and TSP for non road machinery and recreational craft. An important task is to gather new stock and operational data for the most important types of machinery and to obtain new fuel use and emission data for the non road sector in general. The fuel use and emission results are aggregated into subtotals for agriculture, forestry, industry, household/gardening and inland waterways, as required by the CollectER database system. In addition a 2005-2030 fuel use and emission forecast is presented.

Chapter 1 explains the EU emission legislation for non road machinery and recreational craft, and the actual fuel use and emission factors used in the inventory are provided in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 gives a thorough documentation of the data sources behind stock and operational data and a transformation of these into inventory input formats. In Chapter 4 the fuel use and emission calculation methods are described, and the calculated 1985-2004 results and the 2005-2030 forecast estimates are shown in Chapter 5 and 6, respectively. The project conclusions are found in Chapter 7.

The project steering group consisted of Lise Bjergbakke, The Ministry of Transport and Energy, Ken Friis Hansen, Danish Technological Institute, Jens Johnsen Høy, Danish Agricultural Advisory Service, Thomas Pedersen, The Association of Danish Agricultural Machinery Dealers, Peter Dal and Thomas Jensen, the Danish Energy Authority, and Ulrik Torp, Erik Iversen, Lisbeth Strandmark and Dorte Kubel, Danish Environmental Protection Agency.

Many thanks should be given to Kaj Andersen, Importørforeningen, Jens Johnsen Høy, Danish Agricultural Advisory Service, Mogens Kjeldal, the Association of Danish Machine Pools, Thomas Pedersen, The Association of Danish Agricultural Machinery Dealers, Claus Grøn Sørensen, Research Center Bygholm, and John Aagaard, IFAG, for provided data and information used in the project calculations.