Evaluation of health hazards by exposure to BAM (2,6-Dichlorobenzamide) and risk characterisation of drinking water exposure

9 References

HSDB [Hazardous Substances Data Bank]. National Library of Medicine. Last update: 6-8-2002. Access date: 6-5-2003. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?HSDB.

BEILSTEIN. Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften. Last update: 18-1-2003. Access date: 30-5-2003. http://www.cas.org/ONLINE/DBSS/beilsteinss.html.

CHEMLIST. Chemical Abstracts Service. Last update: 23-5-2003. Access date: 30-5-2003. http://www.cas.org/ONLINE/DBSS/chemlistss.html.

PHYSPROP [the Physical Properties Database]. Syracuse Research Corporation. Last update: 2003. Access date: 7-5-2003. http://esc.syrres.com/interkow/PhysProp.htm.

REGISTRY [database]. Chemical Abstracts Service. Last update: 2003. Access date: 6-5-2003. http://www.cas.org/ONLINE/DBSS/registryss.html.

Bakke JE, Larsen GL, Feil VJ, Brittebo EB, Brandt I. Metabolism of 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide in Rats and Mice. Xenobiotica 1988a;18(7):817-30.

Bakke JE, Larsen GL, Struble C, Feil VJ, Brandt I, Brittebo EB. Metabolism of 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile, 2,6-Dichlorothiobenzamide in Rodents and Goats. Xenobiotica 1988b;18(9):1063-75.

Brandt I, Brittebo EB, Feil VJ, Bakke JE. Irreversible Binding and Toxicity of the Herbicide Dichlobenil (2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile) in the Olfactory Mucosa of Mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1990;103(3):491-501.

Brittebo EB, Eriksson C, Feil V, Bakke J, Brandt I. Toxicity of 2,6-Dichlorothiobenzamide (Chlorthiamid) and 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide in the Olfactory Nasal Mucosa of Mice. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1991;17(1):92-102.

Brüsch W. Statusrapport 2002: Pesticidforurenet vand i små vandforsyningsanlæg. Danmarks og Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse; 2002. Report number: 2002/87. http://www.geus.dk/program-areas/water/denmark/rapporter/status_2002_pesticid_smaa_anlaeg.pdf.

Clausen L, Arildskou NP, Larsen F. Nedbrydning og sorption af dichlobenil og BAM - Litteraturopsamling samt laboratorieforsøg. Delrapport 3. 2002. Report number: Arbejdsrapport fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 35. http://www.mst.dk/udgiv/Publikationer/2002/87-7972-331-4/pdf/87-7972-332-2.pdf.

Council of the European Union. Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption. Official Journal of the European Communities 1998 Dec 5;L 330:32-54.

Advisory List for Self-Classification of Substances. Danish EPA. Environmental Project 636. Last update: 2001. Access date: 30-5-2003. http://www.mst.dk/kemi/02040300.htm.

Elkjær L, Ludvigsen L, Juhl MM, Stougaard M, Bastrup J, Baumann J et al. Pesticider og vandværker. Udredningsprojekt om BAM-forurening. Danish Environmental Protection Agency; 2002. Report number: Miljøprojekt nr. 732. http://www.mst.dk/udgiv/Publikationer/2002/87-7972-324-1/pdf/87-7972-326-8.pdf.

Geyer H, Freitag R, V, Korte F. Relationship Between Water Solubility of Organic Chemicals and Their Bioaccumulation by the Alga, Chlorella Fusca. Chemosphere 1981;10(11-12):1307-14.

Griffiths MH, Moss JA, Rose JA, Hathway DE. The Comparative Metabolism of 2,6-Dichlorothiobenzamide (Prefix) and 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile in the Dog and Rat. Biochemical Journal 1966; 98(3):770-81.

Hine CH. Results of reproduction study of rats fed diets containing 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) over three generations. San Francisco, California, USA. The Hine Laboratories; 1970.

Jørgensen LF. Grundvandsovervågning 2002. Miljøministeriet og Danmarks og Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse; 2002 Dec. http://www.geus.dk/publications/grundvandsovervaagning/g-o-2002.pdf.

Kemp A, van der Linde HM. Preliminary toxicity studies with 2,6-dichlorobenzamide: a) Acute oral toxicity to rats. b) Range finding study in rats - daily oral application for eight days. Weesp, Holland. N.V. Philips-Duphar; 1967 Aug. Report number: 56645/1/67. p.1-25.

Lehman AJ. Quarterly Report to the Editor on Topics of Current Interest. Association of Food and Drug Officials Quarterly Bulletin 1954;18:66.

Miljøstyrelsen. Sundhedsmæssig vurdering af kemiske stoffer i drikkevand. Miljøstyrelsen. 1992; 1. Vejledning fra Miljøstyrelsen.

Nakagawa Y, Izumi K, Oikawa N, Sotomatsu T, Shigemura M, Fujita T. Analysis and Prediction of Hydrophobicity Parameters of Substituted Acetanilides Benzamides and Related Aromatic Compounds. Environ Toxicol Chem. 1992;11(7):901-16.

U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. Exposure Factors Handbook -. EPA/600/P-95/002Fa - Update to Exposure Factors Handbook EPA/600/8-89/043 - May 1989 ed. Vol 1 - General factors. 1997.

U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED): Dichlobenil. 1998 Oct. Report number: EPA-738-R-98-003. http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/0263red.pdf.

EPI Suite [computer program]. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. v. 3.10. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 2000.

U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 70 Environmental Protection, Administrative Practice and Procedure, 4-Amino-6-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-(Methylthio)-1,2,4-Triazin-5(4H)-One [Metribuzin], Dichlobenil, Diphenylamine, Sulprofos, Pendimethalin, and Terbacil; Tolerance Actions. Fed Reg 2001;66(234):63192-9.

Walker AIT. The study of the oral toxicity of the "Prefix" residue 2,6-dichlorobenzamide: 13 week exposure to dogs. Tunstall Laboratory, Sittingbourne, Kent, England. "Shell" Research Limited; 1967 Feb. Report number: R(T)-1-67.

Wheldon GH, Street AE, Heywood R, Spicer EJF, Hague PH. Effects of BAM in dietary administration to rats for two years. Huntingdon, England. Huntingdon Research Centre; 1971. Report number: 3980/71/138.

WHO. Principles for the safety assessment of food additives and contaminants in food. Geneva: World Health Organization; International Labour Organisation; United Nations Environment Programme. 1987 (Environmental health criteria; vol. 70). http://www.who.int/pcs/jecfa/ehc70.html.

Wilson AB, Thorpe E. Toxicity Studies on the "Prefix" Residue 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide: Two Year Oral Experiment with Dogs. Tunstall Laboratory; 1971. Report number: Lab Project Number: T507531; Group Research Report: TLGR.0028.71. p.1-28.

 



Version 1.0 November 2004, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency