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Effects of azole fungicides on the function of sex and thyroid hormones

Abbreviations

17β-HSD:       17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase

AGD:              Anogenital distance

AhR:               Arylhydrocarbon receptor

ALH:              Amplitude of lateral head displacement

AR:                 Androgen receptor

ARE:              Androgen-responsive-element

ATCH:           Adrenocorticotropic hormone

CHO cells:      Chinese hamster ovary cells

Compl. C3:    Complement component 3

CYP:               Cytochrom P450

DCC:             Dextran charcoal treated fetal calf serum

DMSO:           Dimethyl sulfoxide

DREs:             Dioxin Responsive Elements

DTT:              1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane

EPA:               Environmental Protection Agency

ER:                 Estrogen receptor

FBS:               Fetal bovine serum

FCS:               Fetal calf serum

FSH:               Follicle stimulating hormone

GD:                Gestational day

GH3:              A rat pituitary tumor cell line

H295R cells:   Human adrenocortical carcinoma cells

H4II3 cells:     Rat hepatoma cells

ICx:                Inhibitory concentration x %

IFMA:             Immuno fluorometric assay

IGF-1:             Insulin-like-growth factor 1

LABC:            Levator ani/bulbocavernosus muscles

LDH:              Lactate dehydrogenase

LH:                 Luteinizing hormone

LOEC:            Lowest observed effect concentration

LOEL:            Lowest observed effect level

LUC:              Luciferase

MCF-7 cells:    a human breast cancer cell line

MOEC:          Maximum observed effect concentration

MMTV:          Mouse mammary tumor virus

ODC:             Ornithin decarboxylase

P450c17:        CYP17a1

P450scc:         Cytochrom P450-side-chain cleavage

PBP C3:          Prostate specific binding protein polypeptide C3

PBR:               Peripheral benzodiarepine receptor

PBS:               Phosphate buffered saline

PCR:              Polymerase chain reaction

PEM:              Placenta and Embryos oncofetal gene

PND:              Postnatal day

RPE:               Relative proliferative effect

RT-PCR:         Reverse transcriptase PCR

sc:                   Subcutane

ScarB1:           Scavenger receptor class B. member 1

StAR:             Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein

STR:               Straightness

T₃:                  Triiodothyronine

T₄:                  Thyroxine

TR:                 Thyroid hormone receptor

TRPM-2:         Testosterone-repressed prostate message 2

TSH:              Thyroid stimulating hormone

VAP:               Average path velocity

VCL:              curvilinear velocity

VSL:               Straight line velocity

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Version 1.0 October 2007, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency