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Survey and health assessment of chemical substances in essential oils and fragrance oils

Table 2.6 Content of dangerous substances in essential oils from two suppliers and R-phrases* related to health. Classification of product as stated on safety data sheets.

Product Concentration in percentage of the oil Indicated classification of the product
  50-100 25-49.99 20-24.99 10-19.99 5-9.99 2.5-4.99 1-2.49 <1 R
21		 R
22		 R
36		 R
38		 R
43		 R
45		 R
65		 R
68
Orange oil d-Limonene           Myrcene  alpha-Pinene       x x   x  
Basil oil Estragole           Linalool; p-mentha-1,4-dien d-limonene; 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-benzol; beta-Pinene; alpha-Pinene                
Bergamot oil   d-Limonene       Linalool
beta-Pinene		         x x x   x  
Cedar wood oil             Farnesol           x      
Lemon oil d-Limonene     beta-Pinene p-Mentha-1,4-diene Citral alpha-Pinene;
Myrcene;
p-Cymene;
Terpinol		         x x   x  
Lemon oil d-Limonene                   x x x   x  
Citronelle oil     Geraniol Citronellol   Limonen           x x      
Lemongrass oil Citral         Geraniol d-Limonene         x x      
Cypress oil   alpha-Pinene   3,7,7-Trimethyl-bicoclo[4.1.0]hept-3-en;
d-Limonene		     p-Mentha-1,4(8)-dien;
Myrcene		 beta-Pinene;
p-Mentha-1,3-dien		 x              
Juniper oil not complete       d-Limonene                   x  
Eucalyptus oil not complete                              
Fennel oil trans-Anethole         alpha-Pinene;
estragol		 alpha-Pinene ;
(R)-5-Isopropyl-2-methylcyclohexa-1,3-dien		 2-Limonen                
Pine needle oil   alpha-Pinene   beta-Pinene;
3,7,7-Trimethylbicoclo[4.1.0]hept-3-en;
d-Limonene		 d-Limonene beta-Caryophyllene;
p-Mentha-1,4(8)-dien		 Myrcene;
Camphene		           x   x  
Geranium oil   Citronellol   Geraniol 2-Phenylethanol cis-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-1-cyclohexanone 2,6-Octadien-1-ol-3,7-dimethylacetate;
d- Linalool;
3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl acetate		         x x      
Grapefruit oil d- Limonene           Citral;
Myrcene		 alpha-Pinene       x x   x  
Ginger oil         Camphene;
(R)-5-Isopropyl-2-methylcycloheca-1,3-diene		   alpha-Pinene;
d-Limonene		 Nerolidol         x   x  
Camphor oil       beta-Pinene;
p-Mentha-1,4-dien;
alpha-Pinene		 p-mentha-1,3-diene d-Limonene;
p-Cymene		 p-Mentha-1,4-(8)dien           x   x  
Cassia tree oil Cinnamal           Coumarin   x     x x      
Coriander oil Linalool       alpha-Pinene, p-Mentha-1,4- diene Camphor;
d-Limonene		 Geraniol;
Camphene, p-Cymene;
Myrcene		 p-mentha-1,4(8)-diene;
beta-Pinene		       x x   x  
Cove bud oil Eugenol     4-Allyl-2-methoxypnenyl acetate               x x      
Lavender oil   Linalool           Camphene             x  
Litsea oil   Citral     D-limonene           x x x   x  
Mandarin oil d-Limonene     p-Mentha-1,4-dien     Myrcene;
alpha-Pinene		 beta-Pinene;
p-Mentha-1,4-(8)diene;
p-Cymene		       x x   x  
Muskatel Sage oil     Linalool       Geraniol d-Limonene       x x      
Nutmeg oil       beta-Pinene;
alpha-Pinene		 d-Limonene p-Mentha-1,4(8)-diene;
beta-Caryophyllene		 p-Mentha-1,4-dien;
p-Menth-1-en4-ol;
camphene;
5-allyl-1,3-benzodioxol;
(R)-5-isopropyl-2-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene;
p-mentha-1,3-dien;
Myrcene 		p-Cymene         x x x x
Patchouli oil                     x x        
Peppermint oil   L-Menthol       cis-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-1-cyclohexanone d-Limonene;
4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran;
Pulegone		 alpha-Pinene;
beta-Pinene		       x x      
Peru balsam   Benzylbenzoate   Benzyl cinnamat     Farnesol;
Coumarin		           x      
Petitgrain oil       Linalool                        
Rosegeranium oil   Geraniol Citronellol   Linalool           x x x   x  
Rose tree oil Linalool         Geraniol d-Limonene         x x      
Rosemary oil         Camphor;
alpha-Pinene		 beta-Pinene;
Camphene;
Camphor;
d-Limonene		 p-Mentha-1,4-diene p-Cymene         x   x  
Rosemary oil Not- complete     Camphene             x x x      
Sage oil Not- complete                           x  
Sandal wood oil Not- complete             Farnesol                
Anise seed star oil trans-Anethole           Estragole;
d-Limonene		 alpha-Pinene         x      
Tea tree oil   p-Menth-1-en-4-ol   p-Mentha-1,4-diene p-Mentha-1,3-diene;
p-Ment-1-en-8-ol		 p-Mentha-1,4(8)-dien;
d-Limonene;

 Myrcene;
beta-Caryophyllene;
alpha-Pinene;
p-Cymene		     x   x x   x  
Wintergreen oil Menthyl salicylate             d-Limonene   x x          
Ylang ylang oil       Linalool Benzyl benzoate;
4- Methyl anizole		 Methyl benzoate Benzyl salicylate;
Farnesol; geraniol		           x      
Ylang ylang oil       Benzyl benzoate;
Linalool		 Benzyl salicylate;
Linalool		   Geranil; Eugenol d-Limonene       x     x  

* The used R-phrases:

R 21 harmful by skin contact
R 22 Harmful if swallowed
R 36 Irritating to eyes
R 38 Irritating to the skin
R 43 May cause sensitization by skin contact
R 45 May cause cancer
R 65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed
R 68 May cause permanent damage to health

The R-phrases are for the entire product. Each substance in the products may have other R-phrases. R-phrases for environmental impacts are not listed in the table.

 

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Version 1.0 April 2008, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency