Table/Figure – Pesticides Research No. 127 2009 – Buffer zones for biodiversity of plants and arthropods: is there a compromise on width?

Buffer zones for biodiversity of plants and arthropods: is there a compromise on width?

Table 3.11. Schematic summary of the statistical analyses on abundance of Herbaceous-dwelling arthropods caught by sweeps. In some of the three time periods there were not sufficient data for analysis and these periods are therefore excluded from the table.

Order	Sub-order	Super- Family	Family	Per.²	Test results F_(ndf,ddf)^P¹
					Field³	Distance⁴	Buffer⁵	Buffer × Distance⁶
Hemiptera				1	4.04_{(3, 10)}^*	15.79_{(4, 10)}^***	4.98_{(4, 25)}^**	1.53_{(16, 43)}^NS
				2	2.75_{(3, 21)}^NS	33.02_{(4, 23)}^***	12.09_{(4, 24)}^***	5.48_{(16, 48)}^***
				3	0.64_{(3, 22)}^NS	37.28_{(4, 21)}^***	12.65_{(4, 33)}^***	4.46_{(16, 51)}^***
	Homoptera			1	0.09_{(3, 18)}^NS	8.12_{(4, 13)}^**	3.94_{(4, 15)}^*	1.15_{(16, 50)}^NS
				2	1.12_{(3, 21)}^NS	13.47_{(4, 21)}^***	7.96_{(4, 28)}^***	1.44_{(16, 52)}^NS
				3	0.65_{(3, 24)}^NS	29.53_{(4, 17)}^***	6.03_{(4, 20)}^**	3.83_{(16, 5)}^***
		Cicadoidea		1	0.42_{(3, 17)}^NS	5.86_{(4, 13)}^**	3.49_{(4, 15)}^*	1.43_{(16, 50)}^NS
				2	0.96_{(3, 18)}^NS	6.71_{(4, 17)}^**	8.28_{(4, 22)}^***	2.03_{(16, 51)}^*
				3	1.67_{(3, 19)}^NS	10.43_{(4, 18)}^***	12.78_{(4, 23)}^***	6.14_{(16, 52)}^***
	Heteroptera			1	16.96_{(3, 9)}^***	17.96_{(4, 12)}^***	0.78_{(4, 62)}^NS	1.57_{(16, 62)}^NS
				3	1.14_{(3, 19)}^NS	33.40_{(4, 25)}^***	19.37_{(4, 42)}^***	5.13_{(16, 49)}^***
			Miridae	1	17.68_{(3, 8)}^***	11.14_{(4, 11)}^***	0.79_{(4, 59)}^NS	1.44_{(16, 50)}^NS
				3	0.80_{(3, 19)}^NS	29.12_{(4, 24)}^***	16.28_{(4, 37)}^***	4.85_{(16, 49)}^***
Coleoptera				1	6.31_{(3, 13)}^**	22.42_{(4, 13)}^***	1.57_{(4, 41)}^NS	1.51_{(16, 50)}^NS
				2	3.47_{(3, 16)}^*	11.97_{(4, 19)}^***	4.94_{(4, 17)}^**	4.89_{(16, 49)}^***
				3	2.63_{(3, 18)}^NS	27.30_{(4, 24)}^***	9.97_{(4, 18)}^***	9.30_{(16, 50)}^***
			Chrysomelidae⁷	1	4.79_{(3, 12)}^*	-	2.18_{(4, 12)}^NS	-
				3	56.68_{(3, 12)}^*	-	0.89_{(4, 12)}^*	-
		Curculinoidea⁷		1	14.94_{(3, 12)}^***	-	1.37_{(4, 12)}^NS	-
				2	5.04_{(3, 12)}^*	-	1.14_{(4, 12)}^NS	-
				3	56.68_{(3, 12)}^*	-	2.18_{(4, 12)}^NS	-
			Coccinellidae	3	3.82_{(3, 12)}^*	3.49_{(4, 36)}^*	31.60_{(4, 26)}^***	4.18_{(16, 54)}^***
Hymenoptera				1	5.23_{(3, 19)}^**	13.27_{(4, 13)}^***	2.61_{(4, 17)}^NS	7.37_{(16, 49)}^***
				2	14.91_{(3, 20)}^***	3.59_{(4, 14)}^*	10.06_{(4, 13)}^***	12.67_{(16, 50)}^***
				3	2.77_{(3, 13)}^NS	32.44_{(4, 16)}^***	16.70_{(4, 13)}^***	7.18_{(16, 47)}^***
		Parasitica		1	4.81_{(3, 19)}^*	10.78_{(4, 13)}^***	2.41_{(4, 16)}^NS	7.16_{(16, 49)}^***
				2	14.76_{(3, 20)}^***	3.47_{(4, 14)}^*	9.47_{(4, 13)}^***	12.54_{(16, 50)}^***
				3	2.75_{(3, 13)}^NS	29.07_{(4, 16)}^***	14.85_{(4, 13)}^***	6.79_{(16, 47)}^***
Diptera			Syrphidae	2	8.60_{(3, 12)}^**	2.98_{(4, 11)}^NS	4.83_{(4, 10)}^*	2.50_{(16, 46)}^**
				3	3.82_{(3, 18)}^*	13.48_{(4, 15)}^***	14.64_{(4, 14)}^***	8.28_{(16, 49)}^***
Thysanoptera				2	14.55_{(3, 15)}^***	1.72_{(4, 18)}^NS	10.40_{(4, 8)}^**	4.60_{(16, 50)}^***
				3	3.80_{(3, 17)}^*	3.87_{(4, 20)}^*	21.20_{(4, 17)}^***	3.10_{(16, 52)}^***

¹^NSnot significant, ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001. F is the F-value, ndf and ddf is the numerator and denominator degree of freedom used for testing the significance.

² Three sampling periods (Per.): 1. After herbicide application (May), 2. After first insecticide application (June), 3. After second insecticide application (July).

³ Effect of field (four fields were included in the experiment).

⁴Effect of distance from field edge (sampling was carried out 0, 2, 5, 9 and 18 m from the field edge).

⁵Effect of buffer width (0, 4, 6, 12 and 24 m).

⁶Effect of the combination of distance and buffer width (in total there were 5 × 5 = 25 combinations).

⁷Abundance only analysed within the hedge-bottom (distance 0) because of too few observations within the field.