Benzene from traffic

References

ASTM Method D 5580 (1994). Determination of aromatics in finished gasoline.

Cadle, S.H., Gorse, R.A., Belian, T.C. and Lawson, D.R. (1997). Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Sixth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop. J. Air & waste Manage. Assoc. 47, 426-438.

Concawe report no. 51/96 (1996). The influence of gasoline benzene and aromatics content on benzene exhaust emissions from non-catalyst and catalyst equipped cars. A study of European data.

Concawe report no. 5/98 (1998). A survey of European gasoline qualities - summer 1996.

Berkowicz, R., Hertel, O., Sørensen, N.N. and Michelsen, J.A. (1997) Modelling air pollution from traffic in urban areas. Proceedings from IMA on "Flow and Dispersion Through Obstacles" University of Cambridge, 28-30 March 1994.

Field, R.A., Goldstone, M.E., Lester, J.M. and Perry, R. (1992). The sources and behaviour of tropospheric anthropogenic volatile hydrocarbons. Atm. Environ. 26A, 2983-2996.

Finlayson-Pitts, B.J. and Pitts Jr., J.N. (1993). Volatile organic Compounds: ozone formation, alternative fuels and toxics. Chem. Ind. 796-800.

Hansen, A.B. and Palmgren, F. (1995). VOC air pollutants in Copenhagen. Sci. Tot. Environ. 189/190, 451-457.

Iversen, E. (1999). Personal communications. (Danish) National Agency of Environmental Protection.

Kemp, K. and Palmgren, F. (1999) The Danish Air Quality Monitoring Programme. Annual Report for 1998. National Environmental Research Institute. NERI Technical Report 296, 66pp.

Kumar, B., Kuchhal, R.K., Kumar, P., Gupta, P.L. (1986). Estimation of individual C8 to C10 aromatic hydrocarbons in naphthas and motor gasolines by capillary GC. J. Chrom. Sci. 24, 99-108.

Mathiesen, M.D., Lubeck, A.J. (1998). Improving accuracy in the determination of aromatics in gasoline by GC-MS. J. Chrom. Sci. 36, 449-456.

Martines, C., Longo, M., Lerda, D., Ceroni, G., Cavallaro, A. (1996). A GC method for the quantitative determination of BTX in gasoline. J. Chrom. Sci. 34, 413-417.

Palmgren, F., Berkowicz, R., Ziv, A. and Hertel, O. (1999). Actual car fleet emissions estimated from urban air quality measurements and street pollution models. 6^th Int. Symp. Highway & Urban. The Science of the Total Environment 235, 101-109.

Rousseeuw, P. and Leroy, A. (1987). Software PROGRESS. In "Robust Regression and Outlier Detection", Wiley, New York.

Teng, S.T., Williams, A.D., Urdal, K. (1994). Detailed hydrocarbons analysis of gasoline by GC-MS. J. High Res. Chrom. 17, 469-475.

Victorin, K. (1993). Health effects of urban air pollutants. Guideline values and conditions in Sweden. Chemosphere, 27, 1691-1706.