Fate of Pesticides in Surface Waters, Laboraty and Field Experiments

Preface

The project ”Model Based Tool for Evaluation of Exposure and Effects of Pesticides in Surface Water”, funded by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, was initiated in 1998. The aim of the project was:

To develop a model-based tool for evaluation of risk related to pesticide exposure in surface water. The tool must be directly applicable by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency (Danish EPA) in their approval procedure. As part of this goal, the project had to:

To develop guidelines for evaluation of mesocosm experiments based on a system-level perspective of the freshwater environment
To develop models for deposition of pesticides on vegetation and soil

To estimate the deposition of pesticides from the air to the aquatic environment

The project, called ”Pesticides in Surface Water”, consisted of seven subprojects with individual objectives. The subprojects are listed in the table below.

Subprojects of ”Pesticides in Surface Water”

No.	Title	Participating institutions
1	Development and validation of a model for evaluation of pesticide exposure	DHI Water & Environment
2	Investigation of the importance of plant cover for the deposition of pesticides on soil	Danish Institute of Agricultural Science
3	Estimation of addition of pesticides to surface water via air	National Environmental Research Institute Danish Institute of Agricultural Science
4	Facilitated transport	DHI Water & Environment
5	Development of an operational and validated model for pesticide transport and fate in surface water	DHI Water & Environment National Environmental Research Institute
6	Mesocosm	DHI Water & Environment National Environmental Research Institute
8	Importance of different transport routes in relation to occurrence and effects of pesticides in streams	National Environmental Research Institute County of Funen County of Northern Jutland

Links between the subprojects. The subprojects are placed on a cross-section of the catchment to illustrate interactions.

The above figure describes the relationship between the subprojects. Subproject 1 models the upland part of the catchment while subproject 5 models surface water bodies. Subproject 8 delivers data for both modelling projects. Subprojects 2 and 3 develop process descriptions for wind drift, dry deposition and deposition on soils. Subproject 4 builds and tests a module for calculation of colloid transport of pesticide in soil. The module is an integrated part of the upland model. Subproject 6 has mainly concentrated on interpretation of mesocosm studies. It contains, however, elements of possible links between exposure and biological effects.

The reports produced by the project are:

Styczen, M., S Petersen, M. Christensen, A.Z. Jessen, D. Rasmussen, M.B. Andersen & P.B. Sørensen (2002): Calibration of models describing pesticide fate and transport in Lillebæk and Odder Bæk Catchment. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 62.
Styczen, M., S. Petersen & P.B. Sørensen (2002): Scenarios and model describing fate and transport of pesticides in surface water for Danish conditions. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 63.
Styczen, M., S. Petersen, N.K. Olsen & M.B. Andersen (2002): Technical documentation of PestSurf, a model describing fate and transport of pesticides in surface water for Danish Conditions. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 64.
Jensen, P.K. & N.H. Spliid (2002): Deposition of pesticides on the soil surface. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 65.
Asman, W.A.H., A. Jørgensen & P.K. Jensen (2002): Dry deposition and spray drift of pesticides to nearby water bodies. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 66.

Holm, J., C. Petersen & C. Koch (2002): Facilitated transport of pesticides. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 67.
Helweg, C., B.B. Mogensen, P.B. Sørensen, T. Madsen, D. Rasmussen & S. Petersen (2002): Fate of pesticides in surface waters, Laboratory and Field Experiments. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 68.
Møhlenberg, F., S. Petersen, K. Gustavson, T. Lauridsen & N. Friberg (2001): Guidelines for evaluating mesocosm experiments in connection with the approval procedure. Ministry of Environment and Energy, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 56.
Iversen, H.L., B. Kronvang, K. Vejrup, B.B. Mogensen, A.M. Hansen & L.B. Hansen (2002): Pesticides in streams and subsurface drainage water within two arable catchments in Denmark: Pesticide application, concentration, transport and fate. Ministry of Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Research No. 69.

The original idea behind the project was described in detail in the report ”Model Based Tool for Evaluation of Exposure and Effects of Pesticides in Surface Water”, Inception Report – J. nr. M 7041-0120, by DHI, VKI, NERI, DIAS and County of Funen, December, 1998.

The project was overseen by a steering committee. The members have made valuable contributions to the project. The committee consisted of:

Inge Vibeke Hansen, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, chairman 1998-mid 2000.
Jørn Kirkegaard, Danish Environmental Protection Agency (chairman mid-2000-2002).
Christian Deibjerg Hansen, Danish Environmental Protection Agency
Heidi Christiansen Barlebo, The Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.
Mogens Erlandsen, University of Aarhus
Karl Henrik Vestergaard, Syngenta Crop Protection A/S.
Valery Forbes, Roskilde University
Lars Stenvang Hansen, Danish Agricultural Advisory Centre (1998-2001).
Poul-Henning Petersen, Danish Agricultural Advisory Centre (2002).
Bitten Bolet, County of Ringkøbing (1988-1999)
Stig Eggert Pedersen, County of Funen (1999-2002)
Hanne Bach, The National Environmental Research Institute (1999-2002).

October 2002

Merete Styczen, project co-ordinator