Evaluation of Analytical Chemical Methods for Detection of Estrogens in the Environment

Matrix Typical levels of estrogens in samples (ng/L or ng/g dwt) Often applied extraction technique Clean – up procedure Surface water (river water, reservoir, ground water etc.), (ng/L) 0.01 – 5 Filtering, SPE C18 or graphitized carbon black adsorbents Sediment (ng/kg) 0.7 – 40 Freeze drying, PLE, SPE, GPC C18 or graphitized carbon black adsorbents STP (ng/L) effluent influent – 80 0.1 – 500 Filtering, SPE, GPC or HPLC fractionation C18 or graphitized carbon black adsorbents Sludge (ng/L) <LOD to 50 Freeze drying, PLE, SPE, GPC or HPLC fractionation C18 or graphitized carbon black adsorbents Run off samples from soil (ng/L) <LOD to 2600 Freeze drying, PLE, SPE, GPC or HPLC fractionation C18 or graphitized carbon black adsorbents Manure (ng/g dwt) <LOD to 1300 Freeze drying, PLE, SPE, GPC or HPLC fractionation C18 or graphitized carbon black adsorbents SPE = solids phase extraction, PLE = pressurized liquid extraction, GPC = gel permeation chromatography.