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The Product, Functional Unit and Reference Flows in LCA

Contents

Introduction to the series

Preface to the guideline

1 Summary

2 Introduction

• 2.1 Definitions and purpose
• 2.2 Relation to different applications of life cycle assessment

3 Procedure for determining the object of study, the functional unit and the reference flows

• 3.1 Determining the object of study
  • 3.1.1 Step 1: Describe the product by its properties
  • 3.1.2 Step 2: Determine the relevant market segment
  • 3.1.3 Step 3: Determine the relevant product alternatives
• 3.2 Step 4: Define the functional unit
• 3.3 Step 5: Determine the reference flows
  
• 3.4 Summary of the procedure in checklist form

4 Specific concerns re. long time horizons

• 4.1 Products with a long life time
• 4.2 Studies with a long time horizon

5 Uncertainty

• 5.1 Causes of uncertainty
• 5.2 Minimising uncertainties

Annex 1. Some important terms used in this document

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Version 1.0 November 2004, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency