Ozonlagsnedbrydende stoffer og drivhusgasserne HFC'er, PFC'er og SF6 - Danmarks forbrug og emissioner 1998

7. English Summary

7. English Summary
7.1 Ozone depleting substances
7.2 Greenhouse gases
7.2.1 HFCs
7.2.2 Sulphur hexaflouride
7.2.3 Perflourinated hydrocarbons

7.1 Ozone depleting substances

The ODP-weighted consumption in 1998 has been calculated to be approx. 101.5 ODP-tons which is a slight reduction of 9.5 ODP-tons compared to 1997.

Seen from the distribution of the ODP-weighted consumption in 1998 on various substances, the contribution is mostly from HCFC-14lb and HCFC-22. Approx. 67% of the contribution comes from HCFC-141b and approx. 29% of the contribution derives from HCFC-22.

The figure below shows the ODP-weighted consumption calculated on the basis of information on import from ‘Danmarks Statistik’ (Statistics Denmark), importers and manufacturers. The ODP-values are listed in Enclosure 6.1

Table 7.1
Overview of consumption and ODP-weighted consumption in 1998, tons

1. When calculating the ODP-weighted consumption of CFCs, only CFC-113 has been registered and used as basis of calculation.
2. Prohibition of sale of methylbromide became effective as per 1^st January, 1998.

The ODP-weighted consumption in Greenland has been calculated to 3,8 ODP-tons in 1998. In 1997 the level was below 1 ODP-ton.

Approx. 1,6 tons CFCs has been imported in asthma spray. The consumption is expected to be outfaced within a few years and replaced by HFCs.

CFCs, tetrachlormethan and trichlorethan are used only for laboratory uses. HCFCs are use as refrigerant or for foaming. The range of application for HCFCs in 1998 are shown in Table 7.2.

Table 7.2
Distribution of the HCFC-consumption in range of application in 1998, tons

HCFC 22 is used only as refrigerant and HCFC-141b and HCFC-142b is used only for foaming.

7.2 Greenhouse gases

The GWP-weighted actual emission for HFCs, PFCs and SF₆ for 1998 has been calculated to approx. 540.000 tons CO₂-equivalents. Compared to the total Danish GWP-contribution the emission of HFCs, PFCs and SF₆ is below 1% of the total emission. The similar emission was approx. 560.000 ton CO₂-equivalents in 1997. However, the figures are not directly comparable as import and export were adjusted for the first time in 1998. Figure 7.5 shows the development in the Danish GWP-emission from HFCs, PFCs and SF₆. The relative difference of the total GWP-value, seen from present and previous calculation methods, can be seen in figure 7.5.

The calculation of actual emission depends on the calculation method and the data basis of the application areas and products with HFCs, PFCs and SF₆. The data basis will be improved as reporting from manufacturers and importers are extended.

Figure 7.3 shows a boil down of consumption and actual emission as well as the installed amount of substances in the product, after adjustment of any import and export of substances in the products. For comparative reasons, emissions are also calculated according to the ‘old’ calculation method. These emissions are shown in brackets.

The largest GWP-consumption comes from the emission of HFCs. In 1998 the HFCs represented approx. 86% of the total GWP-contribution. The emission of SF₆ was 11% and the emission of PFC was 3% of the total contribution. Figure 7.2 illustrates the relative distribution.

Figure 7.2
The relative distribution of the actual emission from HFCs, PFCs and SF_6, 1998.

Compared to application areas, the largest GWP-contribution derives from the emission of refrigerants. In 1998 refrigerants represented 52,5% of the total GWP-contribution. Emissions from HFCs used as foaming is the second largest contribution of 31,1% of the total emission.

The following describes the development within each group of substances.

7.2.1 HFCs

The total use of HFcs are approx. 1.250 tons in 1998 which shows an increase compared to 1997. The consumption of HFC-134a and HFC-404a has increased whereas the consumption of HFC-401a has decreased in 1998. The consumption of other HFCs, including HFC-407c and HFC-507a has slightly gone up.

The total GWP-consumption from HFCs is approx. 456.100 tons CO₂-equivalents calculated in figure 7.3 compared to products and application areas for HFCs.

As seen on the figure the largest GWP-contribution is from emission of refrigerant from industrial stationary regfrigerators These plants represent 55% of the total actual contribution. The second largest GWP-contribution of 21% comes from isolation foam and other hard foam (closed cells) in connection with the fabrication of refrigirators and from evaporation from the installed number of refrigerators. 11% of the GWP-contribution derives from emission of refrigerant from mobile air-condition. Only 3% of the GWP-contribution comes from the emission of refrigerant from household refrigerators and freezers. The total GWP-contribution from joint filler is also 3%. Furthermore, the contribution from shoes, foamed with HFC is 2% and the contribution from products where HFC is used as propellant is insignificant.

7.2.2 Sulphur hexaflouride

The consumption of sulphur hexaflouride has been calculated to 9 tons in 1998, which is a decrease compared to the consumption in 1997. The actual emission is 2,9 tons in 1998 and the GWP-weighted emission of sulphur hexaflouride has been calculated to 69.300 tons CO₂-equivalents. In the figure below, the SF₆-emission has been calculated compared to the percentage share of each source.

The figure shows that 47% of the total GWP-contribution from SF₆-emission comes from production of thermo window glass. The second largest contribution of 24% derives from the consumption of SF₆ on metal works. The contribution from SF₆-containing power switches at high-voltage plants is 22%, which is nearly the same as the contribution from metal works. This contribution arises from current emission at breakdowns etc. and at replenishment. The smallest contribution comes from disposal of running shoes with SF₆. The contribution in 1998 was 8%.

7.2.3 Perflourinated hydrocarbons

The only perflourinated hydrocarbons, which is used in Denmark, perfluorpropane, was used in a composite product for cooling purposes in an amount of approx. 6 tons in 1998. The emission was 2,5 tons, which comes partly from filling of refrigerant and partly from loss from installed amounts. The actual GWP-weighted emission was 17.500 tons CO₂-equivalents.

The consumption of perfluorpropane has been reduced by 25% in 1998 compared to 1997, whereas the actual emission has been increased considerably due to a loss from the amounts of PFC already installed.

Figure 7.5 shows the development in GWP-contribution 1992-1998. The relative difference between earlier statements of the actual emission and the new calculation method adjusted for stock and import/export in products is 13.2%. With the ‘old’ method the GWP-contribution of 1998 is 625.000 tons and with the new method the GWP-contribution is 542.500 tons.

Figure 7.5
The development of the GWP-weighted potential, actual and new actual emission 1992-1998, 1000 tons CO₂-eq.

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