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AOX udredning, litteraturstudium
Vand i svømmebade desinficeres ved chlorering, og de tilladte chloreringsmidler er
chlorgas og hypochlorit, idet der dog på forsøgsbasis kan tillades andre
desinfektionsmidler [1]. Der er ved større, indendørs
svømmebade krav til indhold af frit chlor (0,5-3 mg/L), bundet chlor (<1,0 mg/L) samt
til trihalomethaner (<50 µg/L) [1]. Til sammenligning kan
nævnes, at der for drikkevand er en vejledende højeste værdi for andre chlororganiske
stoffer end pesticider og trihalomethaner på 1 µg/L, samt en kommentar om, at indholdet
af trihalomethaner skal nedsættes mest muligt [2].
I WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water, Annex 2.D [3] er
stillet krav til indhold af desinfektionsmidler og desinfektionsbiprodukter (DBP) i
drikkevand (tabel 4.1).
Tabel 4.1
Krav til indhold af desinfektionsmidler og desinfektionsbiprodukter i drikkevand
efter WHO [3].
Disinfectants |
Guideline
value
(mg/L) |
Remarks |
Monochloramine,
di- and trichloromaine
chlorine |
5 |
|
|
NAD |
5 |
ATO. For effective disinfecting
there should be a residual
concentration of free chlorine
of > 0,5 mg/L after at least
30 minutes contact time at
pH < 8,0 |
Chlorine dioxide |
|
A guideline value has not
been established because
of the rapid breakdown of
chlorine dioxide and because
the chlorite guideline is
adequately protective for
potential toxicity from
chlorine dioxide |
Iodine |
|
NAD |
Disinfectant
by-products |
Guideline value
(µg/L) |
Remarks |
Bromate |
25b (P) |
for 7*10-5 excess risk |
Chlorate |
|
NAD |
Chlorite |
200(P) |
|
Chlorophenols |
|
|
2-chlorophenol |
|
NAD |
2,4-dichlorophenol |
|
NAD |
2,4,6-trichlorophenol |
200b |
|
formaldehyde |
900 |
|
MX |
|
NAD |
Trihalomethanes |
|
the sum of the ratio of the concentration
of each to its respective guideline value should not exceed 1 |
bromoform |
100 |
|
dibromchloromethane |
100 |
|
bromdichloromethane |
60b |
for excess risk of 10-5 |
chloroform |
200b |
for excess risk of 10-5 |
chlorinated acetic acids |
|
|
monochloracetic acid |
|
NAD |
dichloroacetic acid |
50 (P) |
|
trichloracetic acid |
100 (P) |
|
chloral hydrate
(trichloroacetaldehyde) |
10 (P) |
|
chloroacetone |
|
NAD |
Halogenated acetonitriles |
|
|
dichloroacetonitrile |
90 (P) |
|
dibromoacetonitrile |
100 (P) |
|
bromchloroacetonitrile |
|
NAD |
trichloroacetonitrile |
1 (P) |
|
Cyanogen chloride
(as CN) |
70 |
|
Chloropicrin |
|
NAD |