Sprøjtepraksis i sædskifter med og uden glyphosattolerante afgrøder

Litteratur

Nummerorden

       1.    Lassen,J., Nielsen,D.E., Vestergaard,L. & Sandøe,P. Miljøvenlige genmodificerede afgrøder? Vil landmændene have dem, og vil de blive brugt til gavn for naturen? Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 112. (2007).

       2.    Castle,L.A. et al. Discovery and directed evolution of a glyphosate tolerance gene. Science 304, 1151-1154 (2004).

       3.    Lassen,J., Holm,L. & Sandøe,P. Vedr. bioteknologi og offentlighed. Tveit,G. (ed.), pp. 10-14 (Center for Bioetik og Risikovurdering, 2003).

       4.    Lassen,J. & Jamison,A. Genetic technologies meet the public: the discourses of concern. Science Technology & Human Values 31, 8-28 (2006).

       5.    Moll,S. Commercial experience and benefits from glyphosate tolerant crops. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds , 931-940. (1997).

       6.    Jensen,P.E. Doseringsbehov ved kemisk ukrudtsbekæmpelse i almindelige og glyphosatresistente bederoer. 15. Danske Planteværnskonference.Ukrudt. 115-123. (1998).

       7.    Kudsk,P. & Mathiassen,S.K. Ukrudtsbekæmpelse i glyphosatresistente bederoer - betydningen af ukrudtets størrelse. 15. Danske Planteværnskonference.Ukrudt , 125-132. (1998).

       8.    Buckmann,H., Petersen,J., Schlinker,G. & Marlander,B. Weed control in genetically modified sugar beet - two year experiences of a field trial series in Germany. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz Sonderheft S7, 353-362 (2000).

       9.    Tharp,B.E. & Kells,J.J. Influence of herbicide application rate, timing, and inter-row cultivation on weed control in corn (Zea mays) yield in glufosinate-resistant and glyphosat-resistant corn. Weed Technology 13, 807-813 (1999).

       10. Elmegaard,N. & Bruus Pedersen,M. Flora and fauna in roundup tolerant fodder beet fields. NERI Technical Report No.349 . (2001).

       11. Strandberg,B. & Bruus Pedersen,M. Biodiversity on glyphosate tolerant fodder beet fields. NERI Technical Report No.410. (2002).

       12. Strandberg,B., Bruus Pedersen,M. & Elmegaard,N. Weed and arthropod populations in conventional and genetically modified herbicide tolerant fodder beet fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 105, 243-253 (2005).

       13. Squire,G.R. et al. On the rationale and interpretation of the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1779-1799 (2003).

       14. Heard,M.S. et al. Weeds in fields with contrasting conventional and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. I. Effects on abundance and diversity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1819-1832 (2003).

       15. Heard,M.S. et al. Weeds in fields with contrasting conventional and genetically modified herb icide-tolerant crops. II. Effects on individual species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1833-1846 (2003).

       16. Brooks,D.R. et al. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops.I. Soil-surface-active invertebrates. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1847-1862 (2003).

       17. Hawes,C. et al. Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1899-1913 (2003).

       18. Roy,D.B. et al. Invertebrates and vegetation of field margins adjacent to crops subject to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1879-1898 (2003).

       19. Haughton,A.J. et al. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. II. Within-field epigeal and aerial arthropods. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1863-1877 (2003).

       20. Miljøstyrelsen. Bichel-udvalget. Rapport fra underudvalget for miljø og sundhed. (1999).

       21. Collings,L.V., Cussans,J.W. & Oswin,A.L. Testing a simple approach to estimating the seed production of arable weeds within contrasting crops. Proceedings of the 13th EWRS Symposium, 19-23 June 2005, Bari, Italy. (2005).

       22. Rasmussen,I.A. Will weed seed production become a problem by use of reduced doses of herbicides in cereal crops? Tidsskrift for Planteavls Specialserie 71-81 (1993).

       23. Kleijn,D. & Snoeijing,G.I.J. Field boundary vegetation and the effects of agrochemical drift: botanical change caused by low levels of herbicide and fertilizer. Journal of Applied Ecology 34, 1413-1425 (1997).

       24. Bruus Pedersen,M., Aude,E. & Tybirk,K. Adskillelse af effekter af herbicider og kvælstof på vegetation og leddyr i hegn og græslandsvegetation. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 87, 1-103. (2004).

       25. ISAAA. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications. (2007).

       26. Madsen,K.H., Thomsen,J.N., Strandberg,B. & Sandøe,P. GM sugar beet – What are the concerns? Advances in Sugar Beet Research 25-44 (2005).

       27. Melander,B. Ukrudtsbekæmpelse i Landbruget, pp. 41-190. DJF , Flakkebjerg. (1998).

       28. Jensen,H.A. & Kjellson,G. Frøpuljens størrelse og dynamik i moderne landbrug 1, 1-141. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr.13. (1995)

       29. Kjellson,G. & Rasmussen,K. Frøpuljens størrelse og dynamik i moderne landbrug 2. 1-98. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 14. (1995).

       30. Jordan,N. Weed demography and population dynamics: implications for threshold management. Weed Technology 6, 184-190 (1992).

       31. Mortimer,A.M. & Putwain,P.D. The prediction of weed infestations: concepts and approaches. Bulletin OEPP 14, 439-446 (1984).

       32. Cousens,R.D. Can we determine the intrinsic dynamics of real plant populations? Functional Ecology 9, 15-20 (1995).

       33. Kropff,M.J., Wallinga,J. & Lotz,L.A.P. Weed population dynamics. Brown, H. et al. eds.. Proceedings of the second international weed control congress, Copenhagen, Denmark, 25-28 June 1996, 3-14. (1996).

       34. Oreskes,N., Shrader-Frechete,K. & Belitz,K. Verification, validation, and confirmation of numerical models in the early sciences. Science 263 , 641-646 (1994).

       35. Holst,N., Rasmussen,I.A. & Bastiaans,L. Field weed population dynamics: a review of model approaches and applications. Weed Research 47, 1-14 (2007).

       36. Siegel,S. & Castellan,N.J., Jr. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, 2.ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co. (1988).

       37. Cousens,R.D. & Moss,S.R. A model of the effects of cultivation on the vertical distribution of weed seeds within the soil. Weed Research 30, 61-70 (1990).

       38. Lutman,P.J.W. et al. The persistence of seeds of 16 weed species over six years in two arable fields. Weed Research 42, 231-241 (2002).

       39. Roberts,H.A. & Boddrell,J.E. Seed survival and periodicity of seedling emergence in eight species of Cruciferae. Annals of Applied Biology 103, 301-304 (1983).

       40. Górski,T., Górska,K. & Nowicki,J. Germination of seeds of various herbaceous species under a leaf canopy. Flora Bd. 166, 249-259 (1977).

       41. Paolini,R., Principi,M., Froud Williams,R.J., Del Puglia,S. & Biancardi,E. Competition between sugarbeet and Sinapis arvensis and Chenopodium album, as affected by timing of nitrogen fertilization. Weed Research 39, 425-440 (1999).

       42. Chepil,W.S. Germination of seeds. I. Longevity, periodicity of germination, and vitality of seeds in cultivated soil. Scientific Agriculture 26, 307-346 (1946).

       43. Aarts,H.F.M. A computerized model for predicting changes in a population of Galium aparine. Proceedings of the 5th EWRS Symposium on Economic Weed Control, Stuttgart-Hohenheim 1986 , 277-284. 1986.

       44. Benjamin,L.R. & Cussans,J.W. Impact of spring germinating weed seedlings in autumn-sown crops on weed seed bank dynamics. Aspects of Applied Biology 69 , 269-276 (2003).

       45. Zwerger,P. & Hurle,K. Untersuchungen zur relativen Bedeutung einzelner populationsdynamischer Parameter fur die Entwicklung der Verunkrautung. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 96, 346-352 (1989).

       46. Zwerger,P. & Hurle,K. Untersuchungen zur Abbildungsgute simulierter Befallsverlaufe bei Unkrautern. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 97, 133-141 (1990).

       47. Niemann,P. Zur Variabilität der Klettenlabktautes (Galium aparine). Gesunde Pflanzen 40, 368-373 (1988).

       48. Mennan,H. & Ngouajio,M. Seasonal cycles in germination and seedling emergence of summer and winter populations of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) and wild mustard (Brassica kaber). Weed Science 54, 114-120 (2006).

       49. Chancellor,R.J. Decline in arable weed seeds during 20 years in soil under grass and the periodicity of seedling emergence after cultivation. Journal of Applied Ecology 23, 631-637 (1986).

       50. Conn,J.S. & Deck,R.E. Seed viability and dormancy of 17 weed species after 9.7 years of burial in Alaska. Weed Science 43, 583-585 (1995).

       51. Defelice,M.S. Common chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) Vill. - "Mere chicken feed?". Weed Technology 18, 193-200 (2004).

       52. Noronha,A., Andersson,L. & Milberg,P. Rate of change in dormancy level and light requirement in weed seeds during stratification. Annals of Botany 80, 795-801 (1997).

       53. Briggs,D., Hodkinson,H. & Block,M. Precociously developing individuals in populations of chickweed [Stellaria media (L) Vill] from different habitat types, with special reference to the effects of weed control measures. New Phytologist 117, 153-164 (1991).

       54. Grundy,A.C. et al. Emergence of Chenopodium album and Stellaria media of different origins under different climatic conditions. Weed Research 43, 163-176 (2003).

       55. Grundy,A.C., Mead,A. & Burston,S. Modelling the emergence response of weed seeds to burial depth: interactions with seed density, weight and shape. Journal of Applied Ecology 40, 757-770 (2003).

       56. Mulugeta,D. & Stoltenberg,D.E. Influence of cohorts on Chenopodium album demography. Weed Science 46, 65-70 (1998).

       57. Williams,J.T. Biological flora of the British Isles. Chenopodium album L. Journal of Ecology 51, 711-725 (1963).

       58. Benvenuti,S., Macchia,M. & Miele,S. Quantitative analysis of emergence of seedlings from buried seeds with increasing soil depth. Weed Science 49, 528-535 (2001).

       59. Chancellor,R.J. The seasonal emergence of dicotyledonous weed seedlings with changing temperature. Proceedings of the 3rd EWRS Symposium, Mainz, 1979, 65-71. (1979).

       60. Roberts,H.A. Emergence and longevity in cultivated soil of seeds of some annual weeds. Weed Research 4, 296-307 (1964).

       61. van der Weide,R.Y. Phenology of arable and hedgerow populations of Galium aparine L. in relation to climate and soil conditions. Weed Research 32, 249-258 (1992).

       62. Auge,H. & Mahn,E.G. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Populationsökologie von Gallium aparine L. (Rubiaceae). Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ökologie 20, 917-926 (1991).

       63. Miura,R. & Kusanagi,T. Variation in the factors determining flowering time in the Stellaria media complex. Weed Research 41, 69-81 (2001).

       64. Sobey,D.G. Stellaria media (L) Vill. Journal of Ecology 69, 311-335 (1981).

       65. Huang,J.Z. et al. Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the phenological development of common lambsquarters. Weed Science 49, 500-508 (2001).

       66. Kropff,M.J., Spitters,C.J.T., Schnieders,B.J., Joenje,W. & de Groot,W. An ecophysiological model for interspecific competition, applied to the influence of Chenopodium album L. on sugar-beet. 2. Model evaluation. Weed Research 32, 451-463 (1992).

       67. Kay,Q.O.N. Tripleurospermum inodorum (L) Schultz Bip. Journal of Ecology 82, 681-697 (1994).

       68. Cousens,R.D. A simple model relating yield loss to weed density. Annals of Applied Biology 107, 239-252 (1985).

       69. Storkey,J. A functional group approach to the management of UK arable weeds to support biological diversity. Weed Research 46, 513-522 (2006).

       70. Blackshaw,R.E., Anderson,G.W. & Dekker,J. Interference of Sinapis arvensis L. and Chenopodium album L. in spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Weed Research 27, 207-213 (1987).

       71. Wilson,B.J. & Wright,K.J. Predicting the growth and competitive effects of annual weeds in wheat. Weed Research 30, 201-211 (1990).

       72. Storkey,J., Cussans,J.W., Lutman,P.J.W. & Blair,A.M. The importance of mortality in weed populations between autumn and spring on the reliability of yield loss predictions in winter wheat. 1997 Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds , 1025-1030. (1997).

       73. Seavers,G.P. & Wright,K.J. Crop canopy development and structure influence weed suppression. Weed Research 39, 319-328 (1999).

       74. Mennan,H. & Zandstra,B.H. Effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars and seeding rate on yield loss from Galium aparine (cleavers). Crop Protection 24, 1061-1067 (2005).

       75. Dicke,D., Fries,A. & Gerhards,R. Determination of weed thresholds for site-specific weed control in malting barley. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 413-421 (2004).

       76. Lutman,P.J.W., Bowerman,P., Palmer,G.M. & Whytock,G.P. Prediction of competition between oilseed rape and Stellaria media. Weed Research 40, 255-269 (2000).

       77. Conn,J.S. & Thomas,D.L. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference in spring barley. Weed Technology 1, 312-313 (1987).

       78. Swinton,S.M., Buhler,D.D., Forcella,F., Gunsolus,J.L. & King,R.P. Estimation of crop yield loss due to interference by multiple weed species. Weed Science 42, 103-109 (1994).

       79. Weaver,S.E. Impact of lamb's-quarters, common ragweed and green foxtail on yield of corn and soybean in Ontario. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, 821-828 (2001).

       80. Moechnig,M.J., Boerboom,C.M., Stoltenberg,D.E. & Binning,L.K. Growth interactions in communities of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), and corn. Weed Science 51, 363-370 (2003).

       81. Schweizer,E.E. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference in sugarbeets (Beta vulgaris). Weed Science 31, 5-8 (1983).

       82. Jensen,P.K. Comparison of different weed-rankings as predictors of yield loss. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen 22, (1996).

       83. Peters,R.H. The ecological implications of body size. Cambridge University Press, (1983).

       84. Lutman,P.J.W. Estimation of seed production by Stellaria media, Sinapis arvensis and Tripleurospermum inodorum in arable crops. Weed Research 42, 359-369 (2002).

       85. Franz,K., Kaiser,F. & Gerowitt,B. Wirkung unterschiedlich hoher Stickstoffdüngung auf Entwicklung und Samenproduktion ausgewählter Unkrautarten im Winterweizen. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Sonderheft 13, 127-135 (1990).

       86. Wright,K.J. Weed seed production as affected by crop density and nitrogen application. 1993 Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds , 275-280. (1993).

       87. Mertens,S.K. & Jansen,J. Weed seed production, crop planting pattern, and mechanical weeding in wheat. Weed Science 50, 748-756 (2002).

       88. Freckleton,R.P. & Watkinson,A.R. Predicting the determinants of weed abundance: a model for the population dynamics of Chenopodium album in sugar beet. Journal of Applied Ecology 35, 904-920 (1998).

       89. Grundy,A.C., Mead,A., Burston,S. & Overs,T. Seed production of Chenopodium album in competition with field vegetables. Weed Research 44, 271-281 (2004).

       90. Pedersen,J.O. & Rasmussen,I.A. The influence of herbicides on weed seed production. 7. Danske Planteværnskonference - Ukrudt 1990 , 73-83. (1990).

       91. Shinozaki,K. & Kira,T. Intraspecific competition among higher plants. VII. Logistic theory of the C-D effect. J. Inst. Polytech, Osaka City University 7, 35-72 (1956).

       92. Firbank,L.G. & Watkinson,A.R. On the analysis of competition within two-species mixtures of plants. Journal of Applied Ecology 22, 503-517 (1985).

       93. Law,R. & Watkinson,A.R. Response-surface analysis of 2-species competition - an experiment on Phleum arenarium and Vulpia fasciculata. Journal of Ecology 75, 871-886 (1987).

       94. Cousens,R.D. Aspects of the design and interpretation of competition experiments. Weed Technology 5, 664-673 (1991).

       95. Damgaard,C. Plant competition experiments: Testing hypotheses and estimating the probability of coexistence. Ecology 79, 1760-1767 (1998).

       96. Damgaard,C. Modeling plant competition along an environmental gradient. Ecological Modelling 170, 45-53 (2003).

       97. Damgaard,C. Evolutionary ecology of plant-plant interactions - an empirical modelling approach. Aarhus University Press, Aarhus (2004).

       98. Seber,G.A.F. & Wild,C.J. Nonlinear regression. John Wiley & Sons, New York (1989).

       99. Carlin,B.P. & Louis,T.A. Bayes and empirical Bayes methods for data analysis. Chapman & Hall, London (1996).

       100.       Hansen,K. Dansk Feltflora. Gyldendal, (1991).

       101.       Levy,E.B. & Madden,E.A. The point method of pasture analysis. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 18, 267-279 (1933).

       102.       Hays,R.L., Summers,C. & Seitz,W. Estimating Wildlife Habitat variables. Biological Services Program, Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior (1981).

       103.       Goodall,D.W. Some considerations in the use of point quadrats for analysis of vegetation. Australian Journal of Science Research 5, 1-41(1952).

       104.       Jonasson,S. Evaluation of the point intercept metod for the estimation of plant biomass. Oikos 52, 101-106 (1988).

       105.       Jonasson,S. The point intercept method for non-destructive estimation of biomass. Phytocoenologia 11, 385-388 (1983).

       106.       Cromar,H.E., Murphy,S.D. & Swanton,C.J. Influence of tillage and crop residue on postdispersal predation of weed seeds. Weed Science 47, 184-194 (1999).

       107.       Holmes,R.J. & Froud-Williams,R.J. Post-dispersal weed seed predation by avian and non-avian predators. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 105, 23-27 (2005).

       108.       Westerman,P.R., Wes,J.S., Kropff,M.J. & van der Werf,W. Annual losses of weed seeds due to predation in organic cereal fields. Journal of Applied Ecology 40, 824-836 (2003).

       109.       Thompson,K., Bakker,J. & Bekker,R. The soil seed banks of North West Europe: methodology, density and longevity. (1997).

       110.       de Snoo,G.R. & de Wit,P.J. Buffer zones for reducing pesticide drift to ditches and risks to aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 41, 112-118 (1998).

       111.       de Snoo,G.R. Unsprayed field margins: effect on environment biodiversity and agricultural practice. Landscape and Urban Planning 46, 151-160 (1999).

       112.       Boutin,C., Jobin,B., Belanger,L. & Choiniere,L. Comparing weed composition in natural and planted hedgerows and in herbaceous field margins adjecent to crop fields. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, 313-324 (2001).

       113.       Damgaard,C., Mathiassen,S.K. & Kudsk,P. Modelling effects of herbicide drift on the competitive interactions between weeds. Enviromental Toxicology and Chemistry 27 (in press), (2008).

       114.       Pline,W.A., Edmisten,K.L., Wilcut,J.W., Wells,R. & Thomas,J. Glyphosate-induced reductions in pollen viability and seed set in glyphosate-resistant cotton and attempted remediation by gibberellic acid (GA(3)). Weed Science 51, 19-27 (2003).

       115.       Thomas,W.E., Pline-Srnic,W.A., Viator,R.P. & Wilcut,J.W. Effects of glyphosate application timing and rate on sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) fecundity. Weed Technology 19, 55-61 (2005).

       116.       Kudsk,P. Weed Management Handbook. Naylor,R.E.L. (ed.), pp. 323-344 (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK,2002).

       117.       Owen,M.D.K. Genetically modified crops: successes and problems in the Midwest USA. Proc.XVI International Plant Protection Congress 2007,Glasgow, UK , 506-507. (2007).

       118.       Graglia,E., Melander,B. & Jensen,R.K. Mechanical and cultural strategies to control Cirsium arvense in organic arable cropping systems. Weed Research 46, 304-312 (2006).

       119.       Aude,E., Tybirk,K. & Bruus Pedersen,M. Vegetation diversity of conventional and organic hedgerows in Denmark. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 99, 135-147 (2003).

       120.       Aude,E. et al. Conservation value of the herbaceous vegetation in hedgerows - does organic farming make a difference? Biological Conservation 118, 467-478 (2004).

       121.       Bruus,M. et al. Omfang og effekt af herbicidafdrift til danske læhegn. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen. (2008).

       122.       Marrs,R.H., Williams,C.T., Frost,A.J. & Plant,R.A. Assessment of the effects of herbicide spray drift on a range of plant species of conservation interest. Environmental Pollution 59, 71-86 (1989).

       123.       Marrs,R.H., Frost,A.J. & Plant,R.A. Effect of herbicide spray drift on selected species of nature conservation interest: effects of plant age and surrounding vegetation structure. Environmental Pollution 69, 223-235 (1991).

       124.       Marrs,R.H. & Frost,A.J. A microcosm approach to the detection of the effects of herbicide spray drift in plant communities. Journal of Environmental Management 50, 369-388 (1997).

       125.       Jobin,B., Boutin,C. & Desgranges,J.L. Effects of agricultural practices on the flora of hedgerows and woodland edges in southern Quebec. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77, 293-299 (1997).

       126.       Kleijn,D. & Verbeek,M. Factors affecting the species composition of arable field boundary vegetation. Journal of Applied Ecology 37, 256-266 (2000).

       127.       OEPP/EPPO. OEPP/EPPO Standards PP1, vol. 4. Efficacy evaluation of herbicides and plant growth regulators. (2004).

       128.       Asman,W.A.H. et al. Pesticides in air and in precipitation and effects on plant communities. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr.57. (2001).

       129.       Wilson,R.G. et al. Glyphosate-induced weed shifts in glyphosate-resistant corn or a rotation of glyphosate-resistant corn, sugarbeet, and spring wheat. Weed Technology 21, 900-909 (2007).

       130.       Tuesca,D. & Puricelli,E. Effect of tillage systems and herbicide treatments on weed abundance and diversity in a glyphosate resistant crop rotation. Crop Protection 26, 1765-1770 (2007).

       131.       Cerdeira,A.L., Gazziero,D.L.P., Duke,S.O., Matallo,M.B. & Spadotto,C.A. Review of potential environmental impacts of transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean in Brazil. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-Pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes 42, 539-549 (2007).

       132.       Cerdeira,A.L. & Duke,S.O. The current status and environmental impacts of glyphosate-resistant crops: A review. Journal of Environmental Quality 35, 1633-1658 (2006).

       133.       Beckie,H.J. et al. A decade of herbicide-resistant crops in Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, 1243-1264 (2006).

       134.       Culpepper,A.S. Glyphosate-induced weed shifts. Weed Technology 20, 277-281 (2006).

       135.       Owen,M.D.K. & Zelaya,I.A. Herbicide-resistant crops and weed resistance to herbicides. Pest Management Science 61, 301-311 (2005).

       136.       Sweet,J., Simpson,E. & Law,J. Botanical and rotational implications of genetically modified herbicide tolerance in winter oilseed rape and sugar beet (BRIGHT Project). HGCA, Project Report No.353 , 1-40. (2004).

       137.       Christensen,K. Herbicidet Starane 180S' effekt på pollenproduktionen hos mælkebøtte og rødkløver - påvirkninger af fødeudbudet i markhegn på konventionelle og økologiske brug. Specialerapport. KU-LIFE. (2008).

       138.       Yu,C. et al. Inducing male sterility in Brassica napus L. by a sulphonylurea herbicide, tribenuron-methyl. Plant Breeding 125, 61-64 (2006).

       139.       Firbank,L.G. et al. The implications of spring-sown genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops for farmland biodiversity: A commentary on the Farm Scale Evaluations of spring sown crops. 1-37. London, UK, Defra Publications. (2003).

       140.       Ravn,H.W. et al. Har ukrudtsmidlet virket? Et nyt kit præsenteres. Plantekongres Herning 2006 , 63-65. (2006).

       141.       Cedergreen,N., Streibig,J., Kudsk,P. & Mathiassen,S.K. The occurence of hormesis in plants and algae. Dose-Reponse (International Hormesis Society) 5, 1-13 (2007).

Alfabetisk

43.         Aarts,H.F.M. A computerized model for predicting changes in a population of Galium aparine. Proceedings of the 5th EWRS Symposium on Economic Weed Control, Stuttgart-Hohenheim 1986 , 277-284. 1986.

128.       Asman,W.A.H. et al. Pesticides in air and in precipitation and effects on plant communities. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr.57. (2001).

120.       Aude,E. et al. Conservation value of the herbaceous vegetation in hedgerows - does organic farming make a difference? Biological Conservation 118, 467-478 (2004).

119.       Aude,E., Tybirk,K. & Bruus Pedersen,M. Vegetation diversity of conventional and organic hedgerows in Denmark. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 99, 135-147 (2003).

62.         Auge,H. & Mahn,E.G. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Populationsökologie von Gallium aparine L. (Rubiaceae). Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ökologie 20, 917-926 (1991).

133.       Beckie,H.J. et al. A decade of herbicide-resistant crops in Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, 1243-1264 (2006).

44.         Benjamin,L.R. & Cussans,J.W. Impact of spring germinating weed seedlings in autumn-sown crops on weed seed bank dynamics. Aspects of Applied Biology 69 , 269-276 (2003).

58.         Benvenuti,S., Macchia,M. & Miele,S. Quantitative analysis of emergence of seedlings from buried seeds with increasing soil depth. Weed Science 49, 528-535 (2001).

70.         Blackshaw,R.E., Anderson,G.W. & Dekker,J. Interference of Sinapis arvensis L. and Chenopodium album L. in spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Weed Research 27, 207-213 (1987).

112.       Boutin,C., Jobin,B., Belanger,L. & Choiniere,L. Comparing weed composition in natural and planted hedgerows and in herbaceous field margins adjecent to crop fields. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, 313-324 (2001).

53.         Briggs,D., Hodkinson,H. & Block,M. Precociously developing individuals in populations of chickweed [Stellaria media (L) Vill] from different habitat types, with special reference to the effects of weed control measures. New Phytologist 117, 153-164 (1991).

16.         Brooks,D.R. et al. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops.I. Soil-surface-active invertebrates. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1847-1862 (2003).

24.         Bruus Pedersen,M., Aude,E. & Tybirk,K. Adskillelse af effekter af herbicider og kvælstof på vegetation og leddyr i hegn og græslandsvegetation. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 87, 1-103. (2004).

121.       Bruus,M. et al. Omfang og effekt af herbicidafdrift til danske læhegn. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen. (2008).

8.           Buckmann,H., Petersen,J., Schlinker,G. & Marlander,B. Weed control in genetically modified sugar beet - two year experiences of a field trial series in Germany. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz Sonderheft S7, 353-362 (2000).

99.         Carlin,B.P. & Louis,T.A. Bayes and empirical Bayes methods for data analysis. Chapman & Hall, London (1996).

2.           Castle,L.A. et al. Discovery and directed evolution of a glyphosate tolerance gene. Science 304, 1151-1154 (2004).

141.       Cedergreen,N., Streibig,J., Kudsk,P. & Mathiassen,S.K. The occurence of hormesis in plants and algae. Dose-Reponse (International Hormesis Society) 5, 1-13 (2007).

132.       Cerdeira,A.L. & Duke,S.O. The current status and environmental impacts of glyphosate-resistant crops: A review. Journal of Environmental Quality 35, 1633-1658 (2006).

131.       Cerdeira,A.L., Gazziero,D.L.P., Duke,S.O., Matallo,M.B. & Spadotto,C.A. Review of potential environmental impacts of transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean in Brazil. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-Pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes 42, 539-549 (2007).

49.         Chancellor,R.J. Decline in arable weed seeds during 20 years in soil under grass and the periodicity of seedling emergence after cultivation. Journal of Applied Ecology 23, 631-637 (1986).

59.         Chancellor,R.J. The seasonal emergence of dicotyledonous weed seedlings with changing temperature. Proceedings of the 3rd EWRS Symposium, Mainz, 1979, 65-71. (1979).

42.         Chepil,W.S. Germination of seeds. I. Longevity, periodicity of germination, and vitality of seeds in cultivated soil. Scientific Agriculture 26, 307-346 (1946).

137.       Christensen,K. Herbicidet Starane 180S' effekt på pollenproduktionen hos mælkebøtte og rødkløver - påvirkninger af fødeudbudet i markhegn på konventionelle og økologiske brug. Specialerapport. KU-LIFE. (2008).

21.         Collings,L.V., Cussans,J.W. & Oswin,A.L. Testing a simple approach to estimating the seed production of arable weeds within contrasting crops. Proceedings of the 13th EWRS Symposium, 19-23 June 2005, Bari, Italy. (2005).

50.         Conn,J.S. & Deck,R.E. Seed viability and dormancy of 17 weed species after 9.7 years of burial in Alaska. Weed Science 43, 583-585 (1995).

77.         Conn,J.S. & Thomas,D.L. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference in spring barley. Weed Technology 1, 312-313 (1987).

37.         Cousens,R.D. & Moss,S.R. A model of the effects of cultivation on the vertical distribution of weed seeds within the soil. Weed Research 30, 61-70 (1990).

68.         Cousens,R.D. A simple model relating yield loss to weed density. Annals of Applied Biology 107, 239-252 (1985).

94.         Cousens,R.D. Aspects of the design and interpretation of competition experiments. Weed Technology 5, 664-673 (1991).

32.         Cousens,R.D. Can we determine the intrinsic dynamics of real plant populations? Functional Ecology 9, 15-20 (1995).

106.       Cromar,H.E., Murphy,S.D. & Swanton,C.J. Influence of tillage and crop residue on postdispersal predation of weed seeds. Weed Science 47, 184-194 (1999).

134.       Culpepper,A.S. Glyphosate-induced weed shifts. Weed Technology 20, 277-281 (2006).

97.         Damgaard,C. Evolutionary ecology of plant-plant interactions - an empirical modelling approach. Aarhus University Press, Aarhus (2004).

96.         Damgaard,C. Modeling plant competition along an environmental gradient. Ecological Modelling 170, 45-53 (2003).

95.         Damgaard,C. Plant competition experiments: Testing hypotheses and estimating the probability of coexistence. Ecology 79, 1760-1767 (1998).

113.       Damgaard,C., Mathiassen,S.K. & Kudsk,P. Modelling effects of herbicide drift on the competitive interactions between weeds. Enviromental Toxicology and Chemistry 27 (in press), (2008).

110.       de Snoo,G.R. & de Wit,P.J. Buffer zones for reducing pesticide drift to ditches and risks to aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 41, 112-118 (1998).

111.       de Snoo,G.R. Unsprayed field margins: effect on environment biodiversity and agricultural practice. Landscape and Urban Planning 46, 151-160 (1999).

51.         Defelice,M.S. Common chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) Vill. - "Mere chicken feed?". Weed Technology 18, 193-200 (2004).

75.         Dicke,D., Fries,A. & Gerhards,R. Determination of weed thresholds for site-specific weed control in malting barley. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 413-421 (2004).

10.         Elmegaard,N. & Bruus Pedersen,M. Flora and fauna in roundup tolerant fodder beet fields. NERI Technical Report No.349 . (2001).

92.         Firbank,L.G. & Watkinson,A.R. On the analysis of competition within two-species mixtures of plants. Journal of Applied Ecology 22, 503-517 (1985).

139.       Firbank,L.G. et al. The implications of spring-sown genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops for farmland biodiversity: A commentary on the Farm Scale Evaluations of spring sown crops. 1-37. London, UK, Defra Publications. (2003).

85.         Franz,K., Kaiser,F. & Gerowitt,B. Wirkung unterschiedlich hoher Stickstoffdüngung auf Entwicklung und Samenproduktion ausgewählter Unkrautarten im Winterweizen. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Sonderheft 13, 127-135 (1990).

88.         Freckleton,R.P. & Watkinson,A.R. Predicting the determinants of weed abundance: a model for the population dynamics of Chenopodium album in sugar beet. Journal of Applied Ecology 35, 904-920 (1998).

103.       Goodall,D.W. Some considerations in the use of point quadrats for analysis of vegetation. Australian Journal of Science Research 5, 1-41(1952).

40.         Górski,T., Górska,K. & Nowicki,J. Germination of seeds of various herbaceous species under a leaf canopy. Flora Bd. 166, 249-259 (1977).

118.       Graglia,E., Melander,B. & Jensen,R.K. Mechanical and cultural strategies to control Cirsium arvense in organic arable cropping systems. Weed Research 46, 304-312 (2006).

54.         Grundy,A.C. et al. Emergence of Chenopodium album and Stellaria media of different origins under different climatic conditions. Weed Research 43, 163-176 (2003).

55.         Grundy,A.C., Mead,A. & Burston,S. Modelling the emergence response of weed seeds to burial depth: interactions with seed density, weight and shape. Journal of Applied Ecology 40, 757-770 (2003).

89.         Grundy,A.C., Mead,A., Burston,S. & Overs,T. Seed production of Chenopodium album in competition with field vegetables. Weed Research 44, 271-281 (2004).

100.       Hansen,K. Dansk Feltflora. Gyldendal, (1991).

19.         Haughton,A.J. et al. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. II. Within-field epigeal and aerial arthropods. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1863-1877 (2003).

17.         Hawes,C. et al. Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1899-1913 (2003).

102.       Hays,R.L., Summers,C. & Seitz,W. Estimating Wildlife Habitat variables. Biological Services Program, Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior (1981).

15.         Heard,M.S. et al. Weeds in fields with contrasting conventional and genetically modified herb icide-tolerant crops. II. Effects on individual species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1833-1846 (2003).

14.         Heard,M.S. et al. Weeds in fields with contrasting conventional and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. I. Effects on abundance and diversity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1819-1832 (2003).

107.       Holmes,R.J. & Froud-Williams,R.J. Post-dispersal weed seed predation by avian and non-avian predators. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 105, 23-27 (2005).

35.         Holst,N., Rasmussen,I.A. & Bastiaans,L. Field weed population dynamics: a review of model approaches and applications. Weed Research 47, 1-14 (2007).

65.         Huang,J.Z. et al. Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the phenological development of common lambsquarters. Weed Science 49, 500-508 (2001).

25.         ISAAA. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications. (2007).

28.         Jensen,H.A. & Kjellson,G. Frøpuljens størrelse og dynamik i moderne landbrug 1, 1-141. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr.13. (1995)

6.           Jensen,P.E. Doseringsbehov ved kemisk ukrudtsbekæmpelse i almindelige og glyphosatresistente bederoer. 15. Danske Planteværnskonference.Ukrudt. 115-123. (1998).

82.         Jensen,P.K. Comparison of different weed-rankings as predictors of yield loss. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen 22, (1996).

125.       Jobin,B., Boutin,C. & Desgranges,J.L. Effects of agricultural practices on the flora of hedgerows and woodland edges in southern Quebec. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77, 293-299 (1997).

104.       Jonasson,S. Evaluation of the point intercept metod for the estimation of plant biomass. Oikos 52, 101-106 (1988).

105.       Jonasson,S. The point intercept method for non-destructive estimation of biomass. Phytocoenologia 11, 385-388 (1983).

30.         Jordan,N. Weed demography and population dynamics: implications for threshold management. Weed Technology 6, 184-190 (1992).

67.         Kay,Q.O.N. Tripleurospermum inodorum (L) Schultz Bip. Journal of Ecology 82, 681-697 (1994).

29.         Kjellson,G. & Rasmussen,K. Frøpuljens størrelse og dynamik i moderne landbrug 2. 1-98. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 14. (1995).

23.         Kleijn,D. & Snoeijing,G.I.J. Field boundary vegetation and the effects of agrochemical drift: botanical change caused by low levels of herbicide and fertilizer. Journal of Applied Ecology 34, 1413-1425 (1997).

126.       Kleijn,D. & Verbeek,M. Factors affecting the species composition of arable field boundary vegetation. Journal of Applied Ecology 37, 256-266 (2000).

66.         Kropff,M.J., Spitters,C.J.T., Schnieders,B.J., Joenje,W. & de Groot,W. An ecophysiological model for interspecific competition, applied to the influence of Chenopodium album L. on sugar-beet. 2. Model evaluation. Weed Research 32, 451-463 (1992).

33.         Kropff,M.J., Wallinga,J. & Lotz,L.A.P. Weed population dynamics. Brown, H. et al. eds.. Proceedings of the second international weed control congress, Copenhagen, Denmark, 25-28 June 1996, 3-14. (1996).

7.           Kudsk,P. & Mathiassen,S.K. Ukrudtsbekæmpelse i glyphosatresistente bederoer - betydningen af ukrudtets størrelse. 15. Danske Planteværnskonference.Ukrudt , 125-132. (1998).

116.       Kudsk,P. Weed Management Handbook. Naylor,R.E.L. (ed.), pp. 323-344 (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK,2002).

4.           Lassen,J. & Jamison,A. Genetic technologies meet the public: the discourses of concern. Science Technology & Human Values 31, 8-28 (2006).

3.           Lassen,J., Holm,L. & Sandøe,P. Vedr. bioteknologi og offentlighed. Tveit,G. (ed.), pp. 10-14 (Center for Bioetik og Risikovurdering, 2003).

1.           Lassen,J., Nielsen,D.E., Vestergaard,L. & Sandøe,P. Miljøvenlige genmodificerede afgrøder? Vil landmændene have dem, og vil de blive brugt til gavn for naturen? Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen nr. 112. (2007).

93.         Law,R. & Watkinson,A.R. Response-surface analysis of 2-species competition - an experiment on Phleum arenarium and Vulpia fasciculata. Journal of Ecology 75, 871-886 (1987).

101.       Levy,E.B. & Madden,E.A. The point method of pasture analysis. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 18, 267-279 (1933).

84.         Lutman,P.J.W. Estimation of seed production by Stellaria media, Sinapis arvensis and Tripleurospermum inodorum in arable crops. Weed Research 42, 359-369 (2002).

38.         Lutman,P.J.W. et al. The persistence of seeds of 16 weed species over six years in two arable fields. Weed Research 42, 231-241 (2002).

76.         Lutman,P.J.W., Bowerman,P., Palmer,G.M. & Whytock,G.P. Prediction of competition between oilseed rape and Stellaria media. Weed Research 40, 255-269 (2000).

26.         Madsen,K.H., Thomsen,J.N., Strandberg,B. & Sandøe,P. GM sugar beet – What are the concerns? Advances in Sugar Beet Research 25-44 (2005).

124.       Marrs,R.H. & Frost,A.J. A microcosm approach to the detection of the effects of herbicide spray drift in plant communities. Journal of Environmental Management 50, 369-388 (1997).

123.       Marrs,R.H., Frost,A.J. & Plant,R.A. Effect of herbicide spray drift on selected species of nature conservation interest: effects of plant age and surrounding vegetation structure. Environmental Pollution 69, 223-235 (1991).

122.       Marrs,R.H., Williams,C.T., Frost,A.J. & Plant,R.A. Assessment of the effects of herbicide spray drift on a range of plant species of conservation interest. Environmental Pollution 59, 71-86 (1989).

27.         Melander,B. Ukrudtsbekæmpelse i Landbruget, pp. 41-190. DJF , Flakkebjerg. (1998).

48.         Mennan,H. & Ngouajio,M. Seasonal cycles in germination and seedling emergence of summer and winter populations of catchweed bedstraw (Galium aparine) and wild mustard (Brassica kaber). Weed Science 54, 114-120 (2006).

74.         Mennan,H. & Zandstra,B.H. Effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars and seeding rate on yield loss from Galium aparine (cleavers). Crop Protection 24, 1061-1067 (2005).

87.         Mertens,S.K. & Jansen,J. Weed seed production, crop planting pattern, and mechanical weeding in wheat. Weed Science 50, 748-756 (2002).

20.         Miljøstyrelsen. Bichel-udvalget. Rapport fra underudvalget for miljø og sundhed. (1999).

63.         Miura,R. & Kusanagi,T. Variation in the factors determining flowering time in the Stellaria media complex. Weed Research 41, 69-81 (2001).

80.         Moechnig,M.J., Boerboom,C.M., Stoltenberg,D.E. & Binning,L.K. Growth interactions in communities of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), and corn. Weed Science 51, 363-370 (2003).

5.           Moll,S. Commercial experience and benefits from glyphosate tolerant crops. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds , 931-940. (1997).

31.         Mortimer,A.M. & Putwain,P.D. The prediction of weed infestations: concepts and approaches. Bulletin OEPP 14, 439-446 (1984).

56.         Mulugeta,D. & Stoltenberg,D.E. Influence of cohorts on Chenopodium album demography. Weed Science 46, 65-70 (1998).

47.         Niemann,P. Zur Variabilität der Klettenlabktautes (Galium aparine). Gesunde Pflanzen 40, 368-373 (1988).

52.         Noronha,A., Andersson,L. & Milberg,P. Rate of change in dormancy level and light requirement in weed seeds during stratification. Annals of Botany 80, 795-801 (1997).

127.       OEPP/EPPO. OEPP/EPPO Standards PP1, vol. 4. Efficacy evaluation of herbicides and plant growth regulators. (2004).

34.         Oreskes,N., Shrader-Frechete,K. & Belitz,K. Verification, validation, and confirmation of numerical models in the early sciences. Science 263 , 641-646 (1994).

135.       Owen,M.D.K. & Zelaya,I.A. Herbicide-resistant crops and weed resistance to herbicides. Pest Management Science 61, 301-311 (2005).

117.       Owen,M.D.K. Genetically modified crops: successes and problems in the Midwest USA. Proc.XVI International Plant Protection Congress 2007,Glasgow, UK , 506-507. (2007).

41.         Paolini,R., Principi,M., Froud Williams,R.J., Del Puglia,S. & Biancardi,E. Competition between sugarbeet and Sinapis arvensis and Chenopodium album, as affected by timing of nitrogen fertilization. Weed Research 39, 425-440 (1999).

90.         Pedersen,J.O. & Rasmussen,I.A. The influence of herbicides on weed seed production. 7. Danske Planteværnskonference - Ukrudt 1990 , 73-83. (1990).

83.         Peters,R.H. The ecological implications of body size. Cambridge University Press, (1983).

114.       Pline,W.A., Edmisten,K.L., Wilcut,J.W., Wells,R. & Thomas,J. Glyphosate-induced reductions in pollen viability and seed set in glyphosate-resistant cotton and attempted remediation by gibberellic acid (GA(3)). Weed Science 51, 19-27 (2003).

22.         Rasmussen,I.A. Will weed seed production become a problem by use of reduced doses of herbicides in cereal crops? Tidsskrift for Planteavls Specialserie 71-81 (1993).

140.       Ravn,H.W. et al. Har ukrudtsmidlet virket? Et nyt kit præsenteres. Plantekongres Herning 2006 , 63-65. (2006).

39.         Roberts,H.A. & Boddrell,J.E. Seed survival and periodicity of seedling emergence in eight species of Cruciferae. Annals of Applied Biology 103, 301-304 (1983).

60.         Roberts,H.A. Emergence and longevity in cultivated soil of seeds of some annual weeds. Weed Research 4, 296-307 (1964).

18.         Roy,D.B. et al. Invertebrates and vegetation of field margins adjacent to crops subject to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1879-1898 (2003).

81.         Schweizer,E.E. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference in sugarbeets (Beta vulgaris). Weed Science 31, 5-8 (1983).

73.         Seavers,G.P. & Wright,K.J. Crop canopy development and structure influence weed suppression. Weed Research 39, 319-328 (1999).

98.         Seber,G.A.F. & Wild,C.J. Nonlinear regression. John Wiley & Sons, New York (1989).

91.         Shinozaki,K. & Kira,T. Intraspecific competition among higher plants. VII. Logistic theory of the C-D effect. J. Inst. Polytech, Osaka City University 7, 35-72 (1956).

36.         Siegel,S. & Castellan,N.J., Jr. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, 2.ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co. (1988).

64.         Sobey,D.G. Stellaria media (L) Vill. Journal of Ecology 69, 311-335 (1981).

13.         Squire,G.R. et al. On the rationale and interpretation of the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 358, 1779-1799 (2003).

69.         Storkey,J. A functional group approach to the management of UK arable weeds to support biological diversity. Weed Research 46, 513-522 (2006).

72.         Storkey,J., Cussans,J.W., Lutman,P.J.W. & Blair,A.M. The importance of mortality in weed populations between autumn and spring on the reliability of yield loss predictions in winter wheat. 1997 Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds , 1025-1030. (1997).

11.         Strandberg,B. & Bruus Pedersen,M. Biodiversity on glyphosate tolerant fodder beet fields. NERI Technical Report No.410. (2002).

12.         Strandberg,B., Bruus Pedersen,M. & Elmegaard,N. Weed and arthropod populations in conventional and genetically modified herbicide tolerant fodder beet fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 105, 243-253 (2005).

136.       Sweet,J., Simpson,E. & Law,J. Botanical and rotational implications of genetically modified herbicide tolerance in winter oilseed rape and sugar beet (BRIGHT Project). HGCA, Project Report No.353 , 1-40. (2004).

78.         Swinton,S.M., Buhler,D.D., Forcella,F., Gunsolus,J.L. & King,R.P. Estimation of crop yield loss due to interference by multiple weed species. Weed Science 42, 103-109 (1994).

9.           Tharp,B.E. & Kells,J.J. Influence of herbicide application rate, timing, and inter-row cultivation on weed control in corn (Zea mays) yield in glufosinate-resistant and glyphosat-resistant corn. Weed Technology 13, 807-813 (1999).

115.       Thomas,W.E., Pline-Srnic,W.A., Viator,R.P. & Wilcut,J.W. Effects of glyphosate application timing and rate on sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) fecundity. Weed Technology 19, 55-61 (2005).

109.       Thompson,K., Bakker,J. & Bekker,R. The soil seed banks of North West Europe: methodology, density and longevity. (1997).

130.       Tuesca,D. & Puricelli,E. Effect of tillage systems and herbicide treatments on weed abundance and diversity in a glyphosate resistant crop rotation. Crop Protection 26, 1765-1770 (2007).

61.         van der Weide,R.Y. Phenology of arable and hedgerow populations of Galium aparine L. in relation to climate and soil conditions. Weed Research 32, 249-258 (1992).

79.         Weaver,S.E. Impact of lamb's-quarters, common ragweed and green foxtail on yield of corn and soybean in Ontario. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, 821-828 (2001).

108.       Westerman,P.R., Wes,J.S., Kropff,M.J. & van der Werf,W. Annual losses of weed seeds due to predation in organic cereal fields. Journal of Applied Ecology 40, 824-836 (2003).

57.         Williams,J.T. Biological flora of the British Isles. Chenopodium album L. Journal of Ecology 51, 711-725 (1963).

71.         Wilson,B.J. & Wright,K.J. Predicting the growth and competitive effects of annual weeds in wheat. Weed Research 30, 201-211 (1990).

129.       Wilson,R.G. et al. Glyphosate-induced weed shifts in glyphosate-resistant corn or a rotation of glyphosate-resistant corn, sugarbeet, and spring wheat. Weed Technology 21, 900-909 (2007).

86.         Wright,K.J. Weed seed production as affected by crop density and nitrogen application. 1993 Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds , 275-280. (1993).

138.       Yu,C. et al. Inducing male sterility in Brassica napus L. by a sulphonylurea herbicide, tribenuron-methyl. Plant Breeding 125, 61-64 (2006).

46.         Zwerger,P. & Hurle,K. Untersuchungen zur Abbildungsgute simulierter Befallsverlaufe bei Unkrautern. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 97, 133-141 (1990).

45.         Zwerger,P. & Hurle,K. Untersuchungen zur relativen Bedeutung einzelner populationsdynamischer Parameter fur die Entwicklung der Verunkrautung. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 96, 346-352 (1989).

 



Version 1.0 November 2008, © Miljøstyrelsen.