Brominated Flame Retardants |
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| Table 9.1 Halogen-free flame retardants
in commercial materials
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| Material | Application | Halogen-free flame retardant in commercial materials 1) | Alternative material. Non-flammable or containing halogen-free FR. 2) |
| Epoxy | Printed circuit boards. Electronic component encapsulation. Technical laminates | Reactive nitrogen and phosphorus constituents Ammonium polyphosphate and aluminium trihydroxide |
Polyphenylene sulphide |
| Phenolic resins | Printed circuit boards. Technical laminates | Nitrogen- and phosphorus compounds Aluminium trihydroxide |
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| Unsaturated polyester | Technical laminates. Plastic parts of means of transport | Ammonium polyphosphate and aluminium trihydroxide | |
| ABS | Housing of electronic products | No alternative | PC/ABS blends or PPE/PS blends with organic phosphorus compounds |
| HIPS | Housing of electronic products. Wiring parts | Organic phosphorus compounds | Polyethylene with magnesium hydroxide |
| PBT/PET | Switches. Sockets. Parts of electric machines | No alternatives Alternatives at experimental stage |
Some applications: polyamide, polyketone, ceramics or selfextinguishing plastics |
| Polyamide | Parts of electric and electronic equipment | Magnesium hydroxide Red phosphorus Melamine cyanurate Melamine polyphosphate |
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| Polycarbonate | Parts of electric and electronic equipment | Organic phosphorus compounds | |
| Polypropylene | Roofing foils | Ammonium polyphosphate | |
| Expanded polystyrene | Insulation of foundation, ground deck, parking deck, etc. | No alternatives | No requirements on flame retardancy in Denmark |
| Rigid polyurethane foam | Insulation of cold-storage plants, freezing rooms, etc. | Ammonium polyphosphate and red phosphorus. | Some applications: mineral wool or other technical solutions. |
| Soft polyurethane foam | Furniture. Means of transport | Ammonium polyphosphate. Melamine. Reactive phosphorus polyols |
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| Cotton textiles | Furniture. Means of transport | Ammonium polyphosphate Diammonium phosphate |
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| Synthetic textiles | Furniture. Means of transport. Protective clothing | Reactive phosphorus constituents |
| 1) | The list of halogen-free flame retardants is not complete, but indicates flame retardants in known commercial products cf. chapter 7. For some specific applications the flame retardants may not be immediately useful. |
| 2) | Alternative materials are only mentioned where no flame retardants grades of the material are commercially available, or where alternative materials actually are chosen in order to substitute BFRs. |