Azocolorants in Textiles and Toys

Contents

Danish preface and summary

English preface and summary

1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Aim

2 Azo-colorants in Textile Dyeing and Printing
2.1 Azo-colorants
2.2 Azo-dyestuffs and azo-pigments on the market
2.3 Conclusion

3 Health and Environment in the Consumer Situation
3.1 General remarks
3.2 Health
3.2.1 Allergy
3.2.2 Carcinogenicity
3.3 Exposure
3.3.1 Levels of aromatic amines found in samples
3.3.2 Duration of exposure
3.4 Risk
3.4.1 Cancer risk
3.4.2 Allergy risk
3.4.3 Discussion of allergy risk
3.5 Conclusion

4 Environmental Hazard Assessment of Azo-colorants
4.1.1 Introduction
4.1.2 Description of sulfonated azo dyes and pigments
4.1.3 Degradation of sulfonated azo dyes and pigments
4.1.4 Ecotoxicology of sulfonated azo dyes and pigments
4.1.5 Conclusions

5 Sampling and Test Results
5.1 Criteria of selection and purchasing
5.2 Survey of samples
5.3 Test procedure
5.4 Test results
5.5 Conclusion

6 Conclusion

7 Literature

Enclosure 1 The Dutch List

Enclosure 2 Regulations

Enclosure 3 Chemical Constitution

Enclosure 4 Test Method and Discussion