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Ecotoxocicological assessment of antifouling biocides and non-biocidal antifouling paints

 

 

Table B5.1

Ecotoxicological data on zinc pyrithione.

Species

Parameter,
end point

Exposure time

Result mg/l

Comments1

Data source

Algae

Selenastrum capricornutum

EC50

72+120 h

0.028

Static measured concentration

Ward et al. 1994a

Selenastrum capricornutum

LOEC

120 h

0.018

Static measured concentration

Ward et al. 1994a

Selenastrum capricornutum

NOEC

72+120 h

0.0078

Static measured concentration

Ward et al. 1994a

Crustaceans

Daphnia magna

EC50

48 h

0.0036

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994d

Daphnia magna

LC50

48 h

0.0082

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994d

Daphnia magna

NOEC

48 h

0.0011

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994d

Daphnia magna

NOEC
reproduction

21d

0.0027

 

Olin 1997

Mysidopsis bahia

LC50

96 h

0.0063

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1993

Mysidopsis bahia

NOEC

96 h

0.0016

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1993

Americamysis bahia

NOEC
reproduction

50 d

0.0042

Flow-through, measured concen- tration

Arch Chemicals 1999a

Americamysis bahia

NOEC
length/weight of offspring

50 d

0.0027

Flow-through, measured concentration

Arch Chemicals 1999a

Fish

Cyprinodon variegatus

LC50

96 h

0.4

Semi-static, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994c

Cyprinodon variegatus

NOEC

96 h

0.2

Semi-static, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994c

Ictalurus punctatus

LC50

96 h

0.035

Flow-through, nominal concentration

Olin 1997

Lepomis macrochirus

LC50

96 h

0.021

Flow-through, nominal concentration

Olin 1997

Notemigonas crysoleucas

LC50

96 h

0.02

Flow-through, nominal concentration

Olin 1997

Oncorhynchus kisutch

LC50

24 h

10

DC = M

AQUIRE 1999

Oncorhynchus mykiss

LC50

96 h

0.0032

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994b

Oncorhynchus mykiss

NOEC

96 h

0.0016

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994b

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

LC50

24 h

10

DC = M

AQUIRE 1999

Pimephales promelas

LC50

96 h

0.0026

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994a

Pimephales promelas

NOEC

96 h

0.0011

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994a

Pimephales promelas

LC50

96 h

0.04

Flow-through, nominal concentration

Olin 1997

Pimephales promelas

NOEC
early life-stage

32 d

0.00122

Flow-through, measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1999

Ptychicheilus oregonensis

LC50

24 h

10

DC = M

AQUIRE 1999

Salmo gairdneri

LC50

96 h

0.0032

Flow-through, measured concentration

Olin 1997

Salmo gairdneri

NOEC

96 h

0.0016

Flow-through, measured concentration

Olin 1997

Salvelinus fontinalis

LC50

96 h

0.008

Flow-through, nominal concentration

Olin 1997

Others

Crassostrea virginica (oyster)

LC50

96 h

0.022

Measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994e

Crassostrea virginica (oyster)

NOEC
(shell deposit)

96 h

0.010

Measured concentration

Boeri et al. 1994e

1: DQR = Data Quality Rating. In AQUIRE, the studies are evaluated according to the completeness of the descriptions, with a so-called Documentation Code (DC): I = incomplete, M = moderate, C = complete.