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Collection Potential for Nickel-Cadmium Batteries in Denmark

Table of Content

Preface

Summary

Resumé

1 Introduction

• 1.1 General characteristics of NiCd-batteries

2 NiCd battery use and consumption

• 2.1 Cordless power tools
• 2.2 Communication equipment
  • 2.2.1 Portable radio equipment (LMR)
  • 2.2.2 Hand portable mobile phones
  • 2.2.3 Cordless telephones
  • 2.2.4 Short range walkie-talkies (PMR)
• 2.3 Cordless vacuum cleaners
• 2.4 Emergency lights
• 2.5 Other appliances for household and personal care
• 2.6 Portable computer equipment
• 2.7 Video cameras and accessories
• 2.8 NiCd uses otherwise not accounted for
  • 2.8.1 Replacement batteries (individual cells for consumer use)
  • 2.8.2 Technical measuring equipment
  • 2.8.3 NiCd batteries in other electronic appliances
  • 2.8.4 Solar-powered garden lamps
• 2.9 Consumption summary
  • 2.9.1 Individually quantified uses
  • 2.9.2 Balance versus tax revenue data

3 Assessment of the collection potential

• 3.1 Assessment methodology
• 3.2 Handling of uncertainties
• 3.3 Lifetime assessment
• 3.4 Update of lifetime distributions for power tools
  • 3.4.1 Considerations made in previous studies on power tools
  • 3.4.2 Updates for powertool battery lifetimes for this assessment
• 3.5 Consumption and defect rates with uncertainty intervals
• 3.6 Discussion of the hoarding effect
  • 3.6.1 Taking the hoarding effect into account in calculations
• 3.7 Illustration of how consumption, lifetime and hoarding effect scenarios affect the collection potential
• 3.8 Assessment results

4 References

Appendix A Battery lifetime data and distributions used

Appendix B Uncertainty distributions used

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Version 1.0 May 2005, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency