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Survey and environmental/health assessment of fluorinated substances in impregnated consumer products and impregnating agents

2 Producers of fluorinated compounds

Major producers of polyfluorinated compounds are

  • DuPont
  • 3M
  • Clariant
  • Bayer
  • Ciba Speciality Chemicals
  • Daikin
  • Arkema
  • AGC Chemicals / Asahi Glass
  • Solvay Solexis

The three producers DuPont, 3M and Clariant were contacted by phone and e-mail, but only sparse information was received.

Clariant reported that they were producing a range of products and more than 100 products contained either fluorotelomers or fluoropolymers (PFTE). Fluorotelomers are only used in their Nuva series for textile applications, and this company does not have any sale of these products to the Danish market.

When contacting DuPont, they referred to their trade association – Plastics Europe. A meeting was held on October 10th, 2007 with James Franklin and Mike Neal from Plastics Europe and Eric Van Wely from DuPont. They could not provide any specific information about the use areas and consumptions of fluorinated products for the Danish market. The downstream users are not telling them much about the use of their products. However, they noted that USEPA has made an agreement with eight global producers that PFOA emissions and PFOA residue content in fluoropolymers and telomers should be reduced by 95% by 2010 and be eliminated in 2015 (2010/15 PFOA Stewardship Program)[3]. Furthermore, they explained that they are not satisfied with the OECD List of PFAS, PFOS, PFOA and substances that can be degraded to PFCAs, as they believe that too many irrelevant substances are on the list, and that other substances are missing. They had asked for a meeting with OECD about this issue.

A search has been made on the Internet, in order to find out more about the fluorinated chemical products produced by the major world producers of these fluorinated compounds. Trade names and information available for different fluorinated products are listed in Table 2 below. Only some examples are listed, as e. g. DuPont has several more Zonyl and Foraperle Products.[4] Products for food packaging like DuPont’s Zonyl paper products, Clariant’s Cartapack and Solvay Solexis’ Solvera products are intentionally not included in the table as fluorinated compounds, since the food area is not included in this report.

Table 2.1: Examples of fluorinated chemical products from different producers of fluorinated compounds (Information found on the Internet – company webpages).

Producer Trade names Use areas Concentration in fluorinated product Concentration in consumer product
DuPont Teflon Advanced[5] Carpet protector 3-5 % of fluorinated polyurethane (CAS no. trade secret) Diluted 4:1 with water, each diluted gallon will treat 200 sq. feet.
  Zonyl 5180 Carpet protector 1-10% of fluorinated polyurethane Diluted 15:1 with water, each diluted gallon will treat 200 sq. ft.
  Zonyl 7950 Carpet and upholstery shampoo 15-30% in total of three different fluoroalkyl ethyl phosphates 0.3-1% in ready to use carpet shampoo.
  Zonyl 9361[6] Paints and coatings 34% fluorosurfactant Suggested use rate 0.03-0.2%.
  Zonyl FSA Paints and coatings, adhesives, waxes and polishes 25% fluorosurfactant -
  Zonyl FSN-100 Paints and coatings, adhesives, waxes and polishes, polymers, metals and electronics 100% fluorosurfactant -
  Zonyl FS-610 Paints and coatings
Waxes and polishes
Metals and electronics
Specialty cleaners		 22% fluorosurfactant 0.05-0.20%
0.1-0.2%
-
-
  Zonyl TA-N Coatings for textiles, leather and non-wowens, cosmetics, fire-fighting formulations Mixture of perfluorodecyl acrylate (CAS 27905-45-9) and other fluorinated products -
  Zonyl 321 Building applications (concrete, limestone, bricks, natural stones, terra cotta etc.) 25% active solids 5-10% solution. One to two layers of Zonyl 321 is applied of 100-200 g/m² of Zonyl 321 solution.
  Zonyl FSO Graphic arts, paints and coatings, waxes and polishes, polymers, adhesives, metals and electronics 50% fluorosurfactants Typically effective at 0.005-0.2% concentration
  Foraperle 326[7] Leather (garments, gloves, accessories, upholstery) 24-26% solids -
  Foraperle 3116 Leather (garments, footwear, gloves, accessories, upholstery) 15-18% solids -
  LX Platform Products Carpet care; stone, tile and concrete; nonwovens; leather tanning; paper packaging; paints and coatings. No information, other than the LX Platform products are based on the existing Teflon, Zonyl and Foraperle chemistries, but with a 97% reduction of trace levels of PFOA.
3M Scotchgard Carpets, apparel and leather, automotive, paint, outdoor Based on PFBA (perfluorobutanoic acid). No information about levels. -
  Novec Fluorosurfactants FC 4432 Paints and coatings, resins, adhesives, primers 87% polymeric fluorochemical actives, and 0-0.5% of 2-(2-Propenoic acid)-2-[methyl [(nonafluorobutyl) sulfonyl]-amino] ethyl ester (CAS 67584-55-8 on OECD 2006 list). 0.05 to 0.3%
Clariant Licowet F3 liquid Waxes for cleaners Fluorinated tensides. No information about content. -
  Ceridust 3920 F Cosmetic waxes (for creams, sticks, powders, and nail enamel) Polyethylene wax with PTFE. No information about content. -
  Nuva 4200 liq Impregnation of textiles Fluoropolymer -
  Nuva N2114 liq Impregnation of textiles (sportswear, automotive, work wear, medical articles, nonwovens, upholstery, table cloths, umbrellas, sunshades) Fluorocarbons based on C6 chemistry. -
Bayer Baygard Carpets Fluorocarbons and organosilicate No information.
Ciba Oleophobol C Textiles No information Fluorine content is 0.38 % w/w in treated textiles (Hoppenheidt et al., 2007)
  Oleophobol S Textiles No information Fluorine content is 0.38 % w/w in treated textiles (Hoppenheidt et al., 2007)
  Oleophobol 7752 Textiles No information No information
  Oleophobol CO Textiles No information No information
  Oleophobol SLA  Textiles No information No information
  Oleophobol 7713 Textiles (fabric in cars) No information No information
  Oleophobol SM Textiles No information No information
  Oleophobol SL Awnings, textiles No information No information
  Oleophobol ZSR[8] Textiles Emulsion of a polymer, perfluorinated compound 30-60 g Oleophobol per litre
Daikin[9] Unidyne Textiles, leather, tents, bags, shoes, umbrellas, ski wear, windbreakers, golf wear, caps, medical wear, carpets, furniture, table cloths, shower curtains, wrapping paper, paper cups, car sheet No information No information
  Daifree Mould releasing agent No information No information
  Optool DSX Antifouling coating 20% solution No information
Solvay Solexis[10] Fluorolink® A10 Natural stone, metal and leather 10% Fluorolink 0.5%-1% solution

Fodnoter

[3] http://www.epa.gov/oppt/pfoa/pubs/pfoastewardship.htm

[4] http://www2.dupont.com/Zonyl_Foraperle/en_US/products/products.html

[5] http://www.dupont.com/teflon/carpetprotector/tech_info.html

[6]http://www2.dupont.com/Zonyl_Foraperle/en_US/products/zonyl_pgs/surfactants.html

[7]http://www2.dupont.com/Zonyl_Foraperle/en_US/
assets/downloads/Hydrology_Overview_me03.pdf

[8] http://www.chemtexindia.com/oleophobolzsr.pdf

[9] http://www.daikin.com/product/chm.html

[10]http://www.solvaysolexis.com/products/byproductline/
productline/productgroup/0,,18527-2-0,00.htm

 

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Version 1.0 October 2008, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency