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Kortlægning og sundhedsmæssig vurdering af kemiske stoffer i æteriske olier og duftolier

Bilag 2
Indholdsstoffer i en række æteriske olier

Af en omfattende hjemmeside for en engelsk producent af parfumer, The Good Scents Company (http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/) fremgår der detaljerede opgørelser af sammensætningen af indholdsstoffer i mere end 60 forskellige æteriske olier.

Opgørelserne stammer fra artikler publicerede i forskellige videnskabelige artikler, som videre er citeret i det amerikanske tidsskrift Perfumes & Fragrances (P&F). Da indholdet af kemiske stoffer i de æteriske olier vil variere afhængig af den specifikke sort af planten, dyrkningsforhold, vejrforhold, mm vil der kunne være en del variation i sammensætningen, men opgørelserne kan give et fingerpeg om, hvilke stoffer man kan forvente. Der anvendes engelske navne på de kemiske stoffer.


Citrongræsolie (citrongræsolie)

Citrongræs oil. Cas nr 8007-02-1

Indhold i % Stof
22,7 beta-caryophyllene
18,5 T-cadinol
10,3 (E)-alpha-bergamotene
10,1 alpha-humulene
8,3 eugenol
5,4 (E)-methyl cinnamate
3,4 cubenol
3,2 linalool
2,8 spathulenol
2,2 caryophyllene oxide
2,1 gamma-cadinene
0,8 (Z)-delta-bisabolene
0,6 alpha-copaene
0,4 beta-elemene
trace methyl chavicol

Referencer:

C-K. Shu and B. M. Lawrence, Reasons for the variation in composition of some commercial oils. In: Spices, Flavor chemistry and antioxidant Properties. Edits., S. J. Risch and C-T. Ho, pp. 183-195, Amer. Chem. Soc. Symposium Series 660, A.C.S., Washington (1997).

P&F 23, No. 4, 37, (1998) Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL.

Citronolie

Lemon oil, California. CAS nr. 8008-56-8

Indhold i % Stof
65,65 limonene + 1,8-cineole + (E)-beta-ocimene
11,13 beta-pinene
8,32 gamma-terpinene
1,85 sabinene
1,75 alpha-pinene
1,58 myrcene
1,18 geranial
0,74 neral
0,6 neryl acetate
0,55 beta-bisabolene
0,52 geranyl acetate
0,38 (E)-alpha-bergamotene + citronellyl propionate
0,38 alpha-thujene
0,34 terpinolene
0,22 beta-caryophyllene
0,16 alpha-terpinene
0,16 alpha-terpineol
0,14 para-cymene
0,13 (Z)-sabinene hydrate + linalool
0,12 nonanal
0,11 terpinen-4-ol
0,09 (E)-beta-ocimene
0,08 citronellal
0,08 octanal
0,06 camphene
0,06 citronellol + nerol
0,05 decanal
0,04 alpha-bisabolol
0,04 alpha-phellandrene
0,03 (Z)-alpha-bergamotene
0,03 campherenol
0,03 citronellyl acetate
0,03 2,3-dimethyl-3-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2-norbonanol
0,03 (E)-beta-farnesene
0,03 geraniol
0,03 perillaldehyde
0,03 undecanal
0,02 alpha-humulene
0,01 borneol
0,01 exo-(Z)-4,7-dimethyl bicyclo(3.2.1)oct-3-en-6-one
0,01 dodecanal + decyl acetate
0,01 geranyl propionate
0,01 (E)-sabinene hydrate + octanol
0,01 beta-santalene
0,009 undecyl acetate
0,008 camphor
0,007 (E)-limonene 1,2-oxide
0,007 methyl geranate
0,007 neryl propionate
0,006 (Z)-limonene 1,2-oxide
0,004 Nr. 50dol
0,004 piperitone

References:

T. S. Chamblee, B. C. Clark. G. B. Brewster, T. Radford and G. A. Iacobucci, Quantitative analysis of the volatile constituents of lemon peel oil. Effects of silica gel chromatography on the imposition of its hydrocarbon and oxygenated fractions. J. Agric, Food Chem., 39, 162-169 (1991).

P&F 17, No. 1, 45, (1992) Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL.


Rosmarinolie

Rosemary oil, Morocco. CAS Nr: 8000-25-7

Indhold i % Stof
9,56-12,72 alpha-pinene
7,42-10,80 camphor
5,53-7,83 beta-pinene
43,53-53,48 1,8-cineole
3,21-3,98 camphene
3,00-4,51 borneol
2,41-4,32 beta-caryophyllene
1,86-2,06 limonene
1,27-1,60 myrcene
0,99-1,40 para-cymene
0,93-1,19 gamma-terpinene
0,73-1,76 linalool
0,69-0,91 terpinen-4-ol
0,52-0,66 alpha-terpinene
0,37-0,51 beta-farnesene
0,29-0,36 terpinolene
0,27-5,43 alpha-humulene
0,18-0,77 delta-cadinene
0,15-0,20 delta-3-carene
0,14-0,21 sabinene
0,12-0,86 bornyl acetate
0,10-0,23 tricyclene
0,08-0,98 alpha-cadinene
0,06-0,13 beta-bisabolene
0,04-0,19 (E)-sabinene hydrate
0,04-0,13 isopinocamphone
0,00-trace 6,6-dimethyl(3.1.1)bicyclohept-3-ene-2-butylene
0,00-trace alpha-thujene
0,00-2,46 alpha-terpineol
0,00-0,80 alpha-santalene
0,00-0,46 verbenone
0,00-0,30 lavandulyl acetate
0,00-0,27 (Z)-beta-ocimene
0,00-0,23 lavandulol
0,00-0,13 germacrene D
0,00-0,13 gamma-muurolene
0,00-0,12 viridiflorene
0,00-0,11 T-cadinol
0,00-0,10 caryophyllene oxide
0,00-0,10 nerol
0,00-0,07 geranyl acetate
0,00-0,06 (E)-beta-ocimene
0,00-0,05 geraniol
0,00-0,02 linalyl acetate

Referencer:

J. C. Chalchat, R. P. Garry, A. Michet, B. Benjilali and J. L. Chabart, Essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). The chemical composition of the oils of various origins (Morocco, Spain, France). J. Essent. Oil Res., 5, 613-618 (1993).

P&F 20, No. 1, 47, (1995) Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL.

Rosemary oil, Spain. CAS Nr: 8000-25-7

Indhold i % Stof
27,3 camphor
22,2 1,8-cineole
10,8 gamma-terpinene
9 borneol
6,3 verbenone
4,4 alpha-pinene
3,8 alpha-terpineol
3,2 alpha-phellandrene
2,8 camphene
1,8 para-cymene
1,7 beta-caryophyllene
1,6 terpinen-4-ol
1,4 bornyl acetate
1,3 linalool
1 sabinene
0,8 alpha-humulene
0,5 delta-3-carene
0,3 gamma-eudesmol
0,3 beta-pinene
0,2 carvacrol
0,2 caryophyllene oxide

Referencer:

C. Bourrel, G. Vilarem, G. Michel and A. Gase, Etude des proprietes bacteriostatiques et fongistatiques en milieu solide de 24 huiles essentielles preamblement analysees. Rivista Ital. EPPOS, (16), 3-12 (1995).

P&F 22, No. 5, 71, (1997) Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL.

Thetræsolie

Tea tree oil, Australia. CAS Nr: 68647-73-4

Indhold i % Stof
41.1 1,8-cineole
8.7 alpha-terpineol
6.8 para-cymene
5.9 terpinolene
4.6 gamma-terpinene
4.1 limonene
3.6 linalool
3.2 alpha-pinene
2.5 beta-caryophyllene
1.6 alpha-humulene
1.5 alpha-selinene
1.5 beta-selinene
1.5 terpinen-4-ol
1.2 guaiol
0.8 beta-pinene
0.7 beta-eudesmol
0.6 gamma-eudesmol
0.6 alpha-terpinene
0.5 gamma-curcumene
0.5 alpha-phellandrene
0.4 cadina-1,4-diene
0.4 geraniol
0.3 caryophyllene oxide
0.3 beta-elemene
0.3 alpha-farnesene
0.3 beta-guaiene
0.3 alpha-ylangene
0.2 para-cymenene
0.2 beta-phellandrene
0.1 myrcene
trace bulnesol
trace delta-cadinene
trace gamma-cadinene
trace alpha-cadinol
trace T-cadinol
trace calamenene
trace camphene
trace delta-3-carene
trace alpha-copaene
trace delta-elemene
trace gamma-elemene
trace elemol
trace alpha-maaliene
trace alpha-muurolol
trace (E)-beta-ocimene
trace (Z)-beta-ocimene
trace beta-sesquiphellandrene
trace sabinene
trace thujopsene

Referencer:

D. N. Leach, S. G. Wyllie, J. G. Hall and I. Kyratzis, Enantiomeric composition of the principal components of the oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J. Agric. Food Sci., 41, 1627-1632 (1993).

P&F 22, No. 2, 59, (1997) Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL.

 

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