| Forside | | Indhold | | Forrige |
Dermal absorption af bekæmpelsesmidler - Evaluering af årsager til variation samt forebyggelsesmuligheder
Referencer
Alberti I, Kalia YN, Naik A, Bonny J, & Guy RH (2001). Effect of ethanol and isopropyl myristate on the availability of topical terbinafine in human stratum corneum, in vivo. Int J Pharm 219, 11-19.
Archibald BA, Solomon KR, & Stephenson GR (1994). Estimating pirimicarb exposure to greenhouse workers using video imaging. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 27, 126-129.
Baynes RE, Brooks JD, Mumtaz M, & Riviere JE (2002). Effect of chemical interactions in pentachlorophenol mixtures on skin and membrane transport. Toxicol Sci 69, 295-305.
Baynes RE & Riviere JE (1998). Influence of inert ingredients in pesticide formulations on dermal absorption of carbaryl. American Journal of Veterinary Research 59, 168-175.
Benfeldt E, Hansen SH, Volund A, Menne T, & Shah VP (2007). Bioequivalence of topical formulations in humans: evaluation by dermal microdialysis sampling and the dermatopharmacokinetic method. J Invest Dermatol 127, 170-178.
Benfeldt E & Serup J (1999). Effect of barrier perturbation on cutaneous penetration of salicylic acid in hairless rats: in vivo pharmacokinetics using microdialysis and non-invasive quantification of barrier function. Arch Dermatol Res 291, 517-526.
Benford DJ, Cocker J, Sartorelli P, Schneider T, van HJ, & Firth JG (1999). Dermal route in systemic exposure. Scand J Work Environ Health 25, 511-520.
Brand RM, Charron AR, Sandler VL, & Jendrzejewski JL (2007). Moisturizing lotions can increase transdermal absorption of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxacetic acid across hairless mouse skin. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 26, 15-23.
Brand RM & Mueller C (2002). Transdermal penetration of atrazine, alachlor, and trifluralin: effect of formulation. Toxicol Sci 68, 18-23.
Bronaugh RL & Stewart RF (1985a). Methods for in vitro percutaneous absorption studies IV: The flow-through diffusion cell. J Pharm Sci 74, 64-67.
Bronaugh RL & Stewart RF (1985b). Methods for in vitro percutaneous absorption studies V: Permeation through damaged skin. J Pharm Sci 74, 1062-1066.
Chaurasia CS, Muller M, Bashaw ED, Benfeldt E, Bolinder J, Bullock R, Bungay PM, DeLange EC, Derendorf H, Elmquist WF, Hammarlund-Udenaes M, Joukhadar C, Kellogg DL, Jr., Lunte CE, Nordstrom CH, Rollema H, Sawchuk RJ, Cheung BW, Shah VP, Stahle L, Ungerstedt U, Welty DF, & Yeo H (2007). AAPS-FDA workshop white paper: microdialysis principles, application and regulatory perspectives. Pharm Res 24, 1014-1025.
Clark NWE (1992). Cutaneous xenobiotic metabolism and its role in percutaneous absorption, pp. 56-77.
Cnubben NH, Elliott GR, Hakkert BC, Meuling WJ, & van de Sandt JJ (2002). Comparative in vitro-in vivo percutaneous penetration of the fungicide ortho-phenylphenol. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 35, 198-208.
Coronado GD, Thompson B, Strong L, Griffith WC, & Islas I (2004). Agricultural task and exposure to organophosphate pesticides among farmworkers. Environmental Health Perspectives 112, 142-147.
Coronado GD, Vigoren EM, Thompson B, Griffith WC, & Faustman EM (2006). Organophosphate pesticide exposure and work in pome fruit: Evidence for the take-home pesticide pathway. Environmental Health Perspectives 114, 999-1006.
Creely KS & Cherrie JW (2001). A novel method of assessing the effectiveness of protective gloves--results from a pilot study. Ann Occup Hyg 45, 137-143.
Cross SE, Magnusson BM, Winckle G, Anissimov Y, & Roberts MS (2003). Determination of the effect of lipophilicity on the in vitro permeability and tissue reservoir characteristics of topically applied solutes in human skin layers. J Invest Dermatol 120, 759-764.
de Cock J, Heederik D, Kromhout H, Boleij JSM, Hoek F, Wegh H, & Ny ET (1998a). Determinants of exposure to captan in fruit growing. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 59, 166-172.
de Cock J, Heederik D, Kromhout H, Boleij JSM, Hoek F, Wegh H, & Ny ET (1998b). Exposure to captan in fruit growing. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 59, 158-165.
Denyer S.P, Guy RH, Hadgraft J, & Hugo W.B (1985). The microbial degradation of topically applied drugs. Int J Pharm 26, 89-97.
Dias M, Naik A, Guy RH, Hadgraft J, & Lane ME (2008). In vivo infrared spectroscopy studies of alkanol effects on human skin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm69, 1171-1175.
ECETOC. ECETOC 1993 Percutaneous abosrption. 20, 1-80. 1993. Brussels, European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals.
Edwards JW, Lee SG, Heath LM, & Pisaniello DL (2007). Worker exposure and a risk assessment of Malathion and Fenthion used in the control of Mediterranean fruit fly in South Australia. Environmental Research 103, 38-45.
Elias PM (1983). Epidermal lipids, barrier function, and desquamation. J Invest Dermatol 80 Suppl, 44s-49s.
Elsner P (2007). Skin protection in the prevention of skin diseases. Curr Probl Dermatol 34, 1-10.
Feldmann RJ & Maibach HI (1967). Regional variation in percutaneous penetration of 14C cortisol in man. J Invest Dermatol 48, 181-183.
Fernandez C, Nielloud F, Fortune R, Vian L, & Marti-Mestres G (2002). Benzophenone-3: rapid prediction and evaluation using non-invasive methods of in vivo human penetration. J Pharm Biomed Anal 28, 57-63.
Flyvholm MA, Bach B, Rose M, & Jepsen KF (2007). Self-reported hand eczema in a hospital population. Contact Dermatitis 57, 110-115.
Gao P, El-Ayouby N, & Wassell JT (2005). Change in permeation parameters and the decontamination efficacy of three chemical protective gloves after repeated exposures to solvents and thermal decontaminations. Am J Ind Med 47, 131-143.
Garrod AN, Phillips AM, & Pemberton JA (2001). Potential exposure of hands inside protective gloves-a summary of data from non-agricultural pesticide surveys. Ann Occup Hyg 45, 55-60.
Grandjean P (1990). Skin Penetration - Hazardous Chemicals at Work Taylor and Francis.
Griffin P, Payne M, Mason H, Freedlander E, Curran AD, & Cocker J (2000). The in vitro percutaneous penetration of chlorpyrifos. Hum Exp Toxicol 19, 104-107.
Groth L (1996). Cutaneous microdialysis. Methodology and validation. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 197, 1-61.
Guo C, Stone J, Stahr HM, & Shelley M (2002). Cleanup of gloves contaminated with granular terbufos and tefluthrin. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 42, 383-388.
Guy RH, Hadgraft J, & Bucks DA (1987). Transdermal drug delivery and cutaneous metabolism. Xenobiotica 17, 325-343.
Hueber-Becker F, Nohynek GJ, Dufour EK, Meuling WJA, De Bie ATHJ, Toutain H, & Bolt HM (2007). Occupational exposure of hairdressers to [C-14]-para-phenylenediamine-containing oxidative hair dyes: A mass balance study. Food and Chemical Toxicology 45, 160-169.
Ilyin LA, Ivannikov AT, Parfenov YD, & Stolyarov VP (1975). Strontium absorption through damaged and undamaged human skin. Health Phys 29, 75-80.
Imokawa G, Abe A, Jin K, Higaki Y, Kawashima M, & Hidano A (1991). Decreased level of ceramides in stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis: an etiologic factor in atopic dry skin? J Invest Dermatol 96, 523-526.
Jacobi U, Weigmann HJ, Baumann M, Reiche AI, Sterry W, & Lademann J (2004). Lateral spreading of topically applied UV filter substances investigated by tape stripping. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 17, 17-22.
Kao J, Hall J, & Helman G (1988). In vitro percutaneous absorption in mouse skin: influence of skin appendages. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 94, 93-103.
Kezic S, Kemperman PM, Koster ES, de Jongh CM, Thio HB, Campbell LE, Irvine AD, McLean IW, Puppels GJ, & Caspers PJ (2008). Loss-of-Function Mutations in the Filaggrin Gene Lead to Reduced Level of Natural Moisturizing Factor in the Stratum Corneum. J Invest Dermatol,128, 2117-2119.
Kezic S, Monster AC, van dG, I, Kruse J, Opdam JJ, & Verberk MM (2001). Dermal absorption of neat liquid solvents on brief exposures in volunteers. AIHAJ 62, 12-18.
Kezic S & Nielsen JB (2008). Absorption of chemicals through compromised skin. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, in press.
Kirknel E & Sjelborg P. Handskers beskyttelsesevne ved arbejde med pesticider i jordbrugene, samt modeller for håndeksponering. 73. 2003. Danish Environment Protection Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Korinth G, Goen T, Schaller KH, & Drexler H (2007a). Discrepancies between different rat models for the assessment of percutaneous penetration of hazardous substances. Archives of Toxicology 81, 833-840.
Korinth G, Weiss T, Penkert S, Schaller KH, Angerer J, & Drexler H (2007b). Percutaneous absorption of aromatic amines in rubber industry workers: impact of impaired skin and skin barrier creams. Occup Environ Med 64, 366-372.
Lammers JHCM, Meuling WJ, Muijser H, Freidig AP, & Bessems JGM (2005). Neurobehavioural evaluation and kinetics of inhalation of constant or fluctuating toluene concentrations in human volunteers. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 20, 431-442.
Lboutounne H, Chaulet JF, Ploton C, Falson F, & Pirot F (2002). Sustained ex vivo skin antiseptic activity of chlorhexidine in poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsule encapsulated form and as a digluconate. J Control Release 82, 319-334.
Levang AK, Zhao K, & Singh J (1999). Effect of ethanol/propylene glycol on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of aspirin, biophysical changes and macroscopic barrier properties of the skin. Int J Pharm 181, 255-263.
Liu KH & Kim JH (2003). In vitro dermal penetration study of carbofuran, carbosulfan, and furathiocarb. Arch Toxicol 77, 255-260.
Liu KH, Sung HJ, Lee HK, Song BH, Ihm YB, Kim K, Lee HS, & Kim JH (2002). Dermal pharmacokinetics of the insecticide furathiocarb in rats. Pest Manag Sci 58, 57-62.
Machera K, Goumenou M, Kapetanakis E, Kalamarakis A, & Glass CR (2003). Determination of potential dermal and inhalation operator exposure to malathion in greenhouses with the whole body dosimetry method. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 47, 61-70.
McDougal JN & Boeniger MF (2002). Methods for assessing risks of dermal exposures in the workplace. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 32, 291-327.
Michales AS, Chandrasekaran SK, & Shaw JE (1975). Drug permeation through human skin: Theory and in vitro experimental measurement. AIChE Journal 21, 985-996.
Miljøstyrelsen. Bekæmpelsesmiddelstatistik 1997. 1998. Miljøstyrelsen, 221 Miljøstyrelsen. 6-1-2008.
Miljøstyrelsen. Bekæmpelsesmiddelstatistik 2006. Orientering fra Miljøstyrelsen Nr. 5 2007. 2007. Miljøstyrelsen. 6-1-2008.
Miller G (2004). Sustaining the Earth. pp. 211-216. Thompson Learning, Inc., Pacific Grove, CA.
Morgan CJ, Renwick AG, & Friedmann PS (2003). The role of stratum corneum and dermal microvascular perfusion in penetration and tissue levels of water-soluble drugs investigated by microdialysis. Br J Dermatol 148, 434-443.
Nielsen JB. Hudpenetration af pesticider - en undersøgelse af effekten af hjælpestoffer, kombinationseffekter, handsker, samt lettere beskadiget hud. [90], 1-62. 2004. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen, Miljøstyrelsen.
Nielsen JB (2005). The selection and use of gloves against pesticides. In Protective gloves for occupational use, eds. Boman A, Estlander T, Wahlberg JE, & Maibach HI, pp. 321-334. CRC Press.
Nielsen JB, Nielsen F, & Sørensen JA. Hudoptagelse af pesticider - betydning af lag-time og reservoir effekt. 2006. Miljøstyrelsen. Bekæmpelsesmiddelforskning fra Miljøstyrelsen.
Nielsen JB (2005). Percutaneous penetration through slightly damaged skin. Arch Dermatol Res 296, 560-567.
Nielsen JB & Nielsen F (2000). Dermal in vitro penetration of methiocarb, paclobutrazol, and pirimicarb. Occup Environ Med 57, 734-737.
Nielsen JB, Nielsen F, & Sorensen JA (2004). In vitro percutaneous penetration of five pesticides--effects of molecular weight and solubility characteristics. Ann Occup Hyg 48, 697-705.
Nielsen JB, Nielsen F, & Sorensen JA (2007). Defense against dermal exposures is only skin deep: significantly increased penetration through slightly damaged skin. Arch Dermatol Res 299, 423-431.
Nohynek GJ, Meuling WJ, Vaes WH, Lawrence RS, Shapiro S, Schulte S, Steiling W, Bausch J, Gerber E, Sasa H, & Nau H (2006). Repeated topical treatment, in contrast to single oral doses, with Vitamin A-containing preparations does not affect plasma concentrations of retinol, retinyl esters or retinoic acids in female subjects of child-bearing age. Toxicol Lett 163, 65-76.
OECD. OECD (2004a) Guidance document for the conduct of skin absorption studies. Paris. 28, 1-31. 2004.
Packham C (2006). Gloves as chemical protection - Can they really work? Annals of Occupational Hygiene 50, 545-548.
Palmer CN, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Zhao Y, Liao H, Lee SP, Goudie DR, Sandilands A, Campbell LE, Smith FJ, O'Regan GM, Watson RM, Cecil JE, Bale SJ, Compton JG, DiGiovanna JJ, Fleckman P, Lewis-Jones S, Arseculeratne G, Sergeant A, Munro CS, El HB, McElreavey K, Halkjaer LB, Bisgaard H, Mukhopadhyay S, & McLean WH (2006). Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet 38, 441-446.
Phalen R & Hee SQ (2008). A moving robotic hand system for whole-glove permeation and penetration: Captan and nitrile gloves. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 5, 258-270.
Raheel M & Dai GX (2002). Viability of textile systems for hand and body protection: effects of chemical interaction, wear, and storage conditions. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 69, 164-172.
Roberts MS, Cross SE, & Anissimov YG (2004). Factors affecting the formation of a skin reservoir for topically applied solutes. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 17, 3-16.
Rosado C & Rodrigues LM (2003). Solvent effects in permeation assessed in vivo by skin surface biopsy. BMC Dermatol 3, 5.
Roskos KV, Maibach HI, & Guy RH (1989). The effect of aging on percutaneous absorption in man. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 17, 617-630.
Rougier A, Dupuis D, Lotte C, & Maibach HI (1999). Stripping method for measuring percutaneous absorption in vivo. In Percutaneous absorption: drugs-cosmetics-mechanisms-methodology pp. 375-393. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Roy SD & Flynn GL (1989). Transdermal delivery of narcotic analgesics: comparative permeabilities of narcotic analgesics through human cadaver skin. Pharm Res 6, 825-832.
Sarveiya V, Risk S, & Benson HA (2004). Liquid chromatographic assay for common sunscreen agents: application to in vivo assessment of skin penetration and systemic absorption in human volunteers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 803, 225-231.
Scott RC & Dugard PH (1986). A model for quantifying absorption through abnormal skin. J Invest Dermatol 86, 208-212.
Simcox NJ, Camp J, Kalman D, Stebbins A, Bellamy G, Lee IC, & Fenske R (1999). Farmworker exposure to organophosphorus pesticide residues during apple thinning in Central Washington State. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 60, 752-761.
Suuronen K, alto-Korte K, Piipari R, Tuomi T, & Jolanki R (2007). Occupational dermatitis and allergic respiratory diseases in Finnish metalworking machinists. Occupational Medicine-Oxford 57, 277-283.
Waller JM & Maibach HI (2006). Age and skin structure and function, a quantitative approach (II): protein, glycosaminoglycan, water, and lipid content and structure. Skin Res Technol 12, 145-154.
Walters KA & Roberts MS (1993). Veterinary applications of skin penetration enhancers. In Pharmaceutical skin penetration enhancement pp. 345-364. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Wester RC & Maibach HI (1983). Cutaneous pharmacokinetics: 10 steps to percutaneous absorption. Drug Metab Rev 14, 169-205.
Wissing SA & Muller RH (2002). Solid lipid nanoparticles as carrier for sunscreens: in vitro release and in vivo skin penetration. J Control Release 81, 225-233.
Yamamoto A, Serizawa S, Ito M, & Sato Y (1991). Stratum corneum lipid abnormalities in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Res 283, 219-223.
| Forside | | Indhold | | Forrige | | Top |
Version 1.0 Maj 2009, © Miljøstyrelsen.
|