7 References

Ship emissions and air pollution in Denmark

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Bach, H., Andersen, M.S., Illerup, J.B., Møller, F., Birr-Pedersen, K., Brandt, J., Ellermann, T., Frohn, L.M., Hansen, K.M., Palmgren, F., Nielsen, J.S. & Winther, M. (2006): Vurdering af de samfundsøkonomiske konsekvenser af Kommissionens temastrategi for luftforurening, Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, Aarhus Universitet. Faglig rapport fra DMU nr. 586 90 s. Tilgængelig på: http://person.au.dk/da/pub/12551981

Cofala, J., Amann, M., Heyes, C., Wagner, F., Klimont, Z., Posch, M., Schöpp, W., Tarrasón, L., Jonson, J., Whall, C. and Stavraki, A. (2007): Analysis of Policy Measures to Reduce Ship Emissions in the Context of the Revision of the National Emissions Ceiling Directive, Final Report, IIASA Contract No 06-107, April 2007.

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COWI (2009): Marmolen P/S. Vurdering af eksisterende luftkvalitet.

DTU (2009): Unpublished data material provided by Senior researcher Hans Otto Kristensen, Department of mechanical engineering, Section of coastal, maritime and structural engineering, DTU.

Ellermann, T., Andersen, H.V., Bossi, R., Christensen, J., Geels, C., Kemp, K.., Løfstrøm, P., Mogensen, B.B. & Monies, C. (2009): Atmosfærisk deposition 2007. NOVANA. Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, Aarhus Universitet. 97 s. Faglig rapport fra DMU, nr. 708. http://www2.dmu.dk/Pub/FR708.pdf

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EMEP/CORINAIR, 2009: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook — 2009, prepared by the UNECE/EMEP Task Force on Emissions Inventories and Projections, Technical report/2009. Available at http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-emission-inventory-guidebook-2009 (14-09-2009).

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Entec (2005a), European Commission Directorate General Environment Service Contract on Ship Emissions: Assignment, Abatement and Market-based Instruments. Task 1 - 64, Preliminary Assignment of Ship Emissions to European Countries. Final Report Entec UK Limited, August 2005.

Entec (2005b), European Commission Service Contract on Ship Emissions: Assignment, Abatement and Market-based Instruments. Task 2 – General Report, Final Report, Entec UK Limited, August 2005.

Entec (2005c), European Commission Service Contract on Ship Emissions: Assignment, Abatement and Market-based Instruments. Task 2b – NOx Abatement, Final Report, Entec UK Limited, August 2005.

Entec (2005d), European Commission Service Contract on Ship Emissions: Assignment, Abatement and Market-based Instruments. Task 2c – SO2 Abatement, Final Report, Entec UK Limited, August 2005

Eyring, V., H.W. Köhler, J. van Aardenne, and A. Lauer 2005: Emissions from international shipping: 1. The last 50 years, Journal of Geophysical Research., 110, D17305, doi:10.1029/2004JD005619.

Georgakaki, A., Coffey, R.A., Lock, G., Sorenson, S.C. (2005): Transport and Environment Database System (TRENDS): Maritime air pollutant emission modelling. Atmospheric Environment 39 (2005) 2357-2365.

Grell, G. A., Dudhia, J. and Stauffer, D. R. (1995): A description of the fifth-generation Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), Mesocale and Microscale Meteorology Division, National Centre for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-398+STR, pp. 114

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Hertel, O., Ambelas Skjøth, C., Frohn, L. M., Vignati, E., Frydendall, J., de

Leeuw, G., Swarz, S., and Reis, S., 2002: Assessment of the Atmospheric Nitrogen and sulphur Inputs into the North Sea using a Lagrangian model. Phys. Chem. Earth, 27(35), 1507-1515.

IMO MEPC (2009): Interim guidelines on the method of calculation of the energy efficiency design index for new ships, Ref. T5/1.01, MEPC.1/Circ.681, 17 August 2009.

Kemp, K., Ellermann, T., Brandt, J., Christensen, J., Ketzel, M. & Jensen, S.S., 2008: The Danish Air Quality Monitoring Programme. Annual Summary for 2007. National Environmental Research Institute, University of Aarhus. 47 pp. NERI Technical Report No. 681. http://www2.dmu.dk/Pub/FR681.pdf

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Ministry of Transport 2000: TEMA2000 - et værktøj til at beregne transporters energiforbrug og emissioner i Danmark (TEMA2000 - a calculation tool for transport related fuel use and emissions in Denmark). Technical report. Available at http://www.trm.dk/sw664.asp

Nielsen, O-K., Winther, M., Mikkelsen, M.H., Hoffmann, L., Nielsen, M., Gyldenkærne, S., Fauser, P., Jensen, M.T., Plejdrup, M.S. & Illerup, J.B. 2008: Annual Danish Emission Inventory Report to UNECE. Inventories from the base year of the protocols to year 2006. National Environmental Research Institute, University of Aarhus . 504 pp. – NERI Technical Report No. 675.

Olesen, H.R., Ellermann, T., Christensen, J. (2008): Luftforurening fra skibe - hvor stort er problemet? Presentation at the meeting Ren luft til alle, Copenhagen, December 3, 2008. http://ida.dk/netvaerk/idaforum/U0615a/Documents/Præsentationer%20efterår%202008/2008-12-02%20Ren%20Luft%20til%20alle%20præsentationer/Helge%20Rørdam%20Olesen.pdf

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Oxbøl, A. and Wismann, T.: Emissioner fra skibe i havn. Revideret udgave 2003. Arbejdsrapport fra Miljøstyrelsen Nr 49, 2003.

Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division, National Centre for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA. NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-398+STR, pp. 114.

Wang, C., J.J. Corbett, and J. Firestone, Improving Spatial Representation of Global Ship Emissions Inventories, Environmental Science & Technology, Web Release Date: 01-Dec-2007;(Article) DOI: 10.1021/es0700799, 2007

Whall, C., Cooper, D., Archer, K., Twigger, L., Thurston, N., Ockwell, D., McIntyre and Ritchie, A. (2002), Quantification of emissions from ships associated with ship movements between ports in the European Community. Final Report. Entec UK Limited.

Winther (2008): Fuel consumption and emissions from navigation in Denmark from 1990-2005 - and projections from 2006-2030. Technical Report from NERI no. 650. 109 pp. Available at: http://www2.dmu.dk/Pub/FR650.pdf

Wismann, T. (2001): Energiforbrug og emissioner fra skibe i farvandene omkring Danmark 1995/1996 og 1999/2000 (Fuel consumption and emissions from ships in Danish coastal waters 1995/1996 and 1999/2000). The Danish Environmental Protection Agency. - Environmental Project 597.

Yttri, K.E., Aas, W., Tørseth, K., Stebel, K., Tsyro, S., Simpson, D., Merckova, K., Wankmüller, R., Klimont, Z., Bergström, R., van der Gon, H. D., Holzer-Popp, T. & Schroedter-Homscheidt, M. (2009): Transboundary particulate matter in Europe, Status report 2009. Joint CCC, MSC-W, CEIP and CIAM Report 2009. EMEP report 4/2009. 95 pp.