Effects of reduced pesticide use on flora and....., Danish Environmental Protection Agency

Effects of reduced pesticide use on flora and fauna in agricultural fields

Table 3.8.
Barley. Mean densities of the most common carnivore and non-carnivore groups (no./3 m²). Estimates given are least squares means with 95% confidence limits in square brackets per sampling. Significant differences between dosages (p<0.05, paired t-tests) are indicated by different letters. P-values for test of the factor dosage are given (ns: P>0.05, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001). Abbreviations: Col.= Coleoptera, Dip.= Diptera, Hem.= Hemiptera, Hym.= Hymenoptera, Neu.= Neuoptera, Img.= Imagines, Lar.= Larvae, Nym.= Nymphs, Pup.= Pupae.

Carnivores	Normal dosage		Half dosage		Quarter dosage		p-value
Araneae	46.1	[ 41.3; 51.5]	46.5	[ 41.6; 51.9]	46.9	[ 42.0; 52.4]	0.9703 ns
Chilopoda	1.3	[ 1.0; 1.8]	1.2	[ 0.9; 1.6]	1.5	[ 1.2; 2.0]	0.4165 ns
Col: Cantharidae	2.3	[ 1.6; 3.4]	1.9	[ 1.3; 2.9]	2.2	[ 1.5; 3.3]	0.7874 ns
Col: Carabidae img.	37.4	[ 32.3; 43.4]	40.7	[ 35.3; 46.9]	42.8	[ 37.2; 49.1]	0.4003 ns
Col: Carabidae lar.	1.5	[ 1.0; 2.1]	1.8	[ 1.3; 2.5]	1.8	[ 1.3; 2.4]	0.5242 ns
Col: Coccinellidae img.	1.0	[ 0.6; 1.5]	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.4]	1.2	[ 0.8; 1.8]	0.5560 ns
Col: Coccinellidae lar.	0.4 a	[ 0.2; 0.9]	0.6 a	[ 0.3; 1.2]	1.1 b	[ 0.6; 2.1]	0.0038 **
Col: Staphylinidae img.	98.1	[ 88.7; 108.5]	96.5	[ 87.3; 106.8]	99.0	[ 89.5; 109.4]	0.9328 ns
Col: Staphylinidae lar.	15.4 a	[ 12.0; 19.8]	17.2 a	[ 13.5; 21.9]	22.9 b	[ 18.4; 28.6]	0.0095 **
Dermaptera	0.3 ab	[ 0.2; 0.7]	0.3 a	[ 0.1; 0.6]	0.4 b	[ 0.2; 0.9]	0.0136 *
Dip: Asilidae & Empidoidea img.	1.5	[ 0.4; 5.3]	0.8	[ 0.2; 3.0]	0.9	[ 0.2; 3.2]	0.1625 ns
Dip: Syrphidae img.	0.7	[ 0.2; 2.2]	1.9	[ 0.9; 3.9]	1.4	[ 0.6; 3.2]	0.2553 ns
Dip: Syrphidae lar.	3.8 a	[ 2.7; 5.3]	3.6 a	[ 2.6; 5.1]	5.6 b	[ 4.1; 7.5]	0.0338 *
Hem: Nabidae img.	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.2]	1.0	[ 0.7; 1.4]	0.7	[ 0.4; 1.0]	0.3105 ns
Hem: Nabidae nym.	0.7	[ 0.4; 1.2]	0.9	[ 0.6; 1.6]	1.2	[ 0.8; 1.9]	0.1861 ns
Hym: Parasitic wasps img.	69.7	[ 56.2; 86.4]	69.1	[ 55.7; 85.7]	80.1	[ 65.1; 98.6]	0.3380 ns
Neu: Chrysopidae img.	0.4	[ 0.3; 0.7]	0.5	[ 0.3; 0.7]	0.5	[ 0.5; 0.7]	0.9234 ns
Neu: Chrysopidae lar.	1.5 a	[ 1.1; 1.9]	1.8 ab	[ 1.5; 2.3]	2.1 b	[ 1.7; 2.6]	0.0378 *
Non-carnivores	Normal dosage		Half dosage		Quarter dosage		p-value
Col: Chrysomelidae img.	6.5	[ 5.0; 8.3]	5.4	[ 4.1; 7.1]	6.8	[ 5.3; 8.7]	0.3933 ns
Col: Chrysomelidae lar.	0.5 a	[ 0.3; 1.0]	0.4 a	[ 0.2; 0.8]	0.9 b	[ 0.5; 1.7]	0.0013 **
Col: Cuculionidae img.	1.9	[ 1.2; 2.9]	1.9	[ 1.3; 3.0]	2.2	[ 1.4; 3.2]	0.8838 ns
Col: Elateridae img.	0.2	[ 0.1; 0.4]	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.6]	0.2	[ 0.1; 0.4]	0.1458 ns
Col: Lathridiidae img.	3.4	[ 2.2; 5.5]	2.8	[ 1.7; 4.7]	2.7	[ 1.6; 4.6]	0.7313 ns
Col: Meligethes img.	1.3	[ 0.5; 3.8]	1.4	[ 0.5; 3.9]	1.8	[ 0.7; 4.7]	0.8129 ns
Diplopoda	0.8	[ 0.4; 1.5]	0.8	[ 0.4; 1.5]	1.0	[ 0.5; 1.9]	0.7141 ns
Dip: Tipulidae img.	0.6	[ 0.4; 1.1]	1.0	[ 0.6; 1.5]	1.0	[ 0.6; 1.5]	0.3403 ns
Dip: Others img.	101.9 a	[ 80.3; 147.6]	252.7 b	[ 182.4; 350.1]	158.0 c	[ 112.0; 223.1]	<.0001 ***
Dip: lar./pup.	2.2	[ 1.7; 3.0]	2.3	[ 1.8; 3.1]	2.8	[ 2.2; 3.7]	0.1976 ns
Hem: Auchenorrhyncha img.	17.2	[ 13.0; 22.7]	19.0	[ 14.5; 24.8]	17.6	[ 13.4; 23.2]	0.8353 ns
Hem: Auchenorrhyncha nym.	6.3	[ 4.8; 8.2]	5.9	[ 4.5; 7.7]	6.3	[ 4.8; 8.2]	0.8279 ns
Hem: Miridae img.	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.1]	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.1]	1.3	[ 0.9; 1.7]	0.0533 ns
Hem: Miridae nym.	0.4	[ 0.2; 0.8]	0.6	[ 0.3; 1.1]	0.4	[ 0.2; 0.8]	0.4208 ns
Hym: Symphyta lar.	0.6 a	[ 0.3; 1.1]	0.7 a	[ 0.4; 1.4]	1.3 b	[ 0.7; 2.4]	0.0026 **
Lepidoptera img.	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.3	[ 0.1; 0.4]	0.4	[ 0.3; 0.7]	0.1992 ns
Lepidoptera lar.	0.5 a	[ 0.4; 0.7]	0.6 ab	[ 0.4; 0.8]	0.8 b	[ 0.6; 1.1]	0.0455 *