Effects of reduced pesticide use on flora and....., Danish Environmental Protection Agency

Effects of reduced pesticide use on flora and fauna in agricultural fields

Table 3.9.
Wheat. Mean densities of the most common carnivore and non-carnivore groups (no./3 m²). Estimates given are least squares means with 95% confidence limits in square brackets per sampling. Significant differences between dosages (p<0.05, paired t-tests) are indicated by different letters. P-values for test of the factor dosage are given (ns: p>0.05, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001). Abbreviations: Col.= Coleoptera, Dip.= Diptera, Hem.= Hemiptera, Hym.= Hymenoptera, Neu.= Neuoptera, Img.= Imagines, Lar.= Larvae, Nym.= Nymphs, Pup.= Pupae.

Carnivores	Normal dosage		Half dosage		Quarter dosage		p-value
Araneae	50.6	[ 43.1; 59.4]	53.7	[ 45.9; 62.8]	49.2	[ 41.8; 57.8]	0.6968 ns
Chilopoda	0.7	[ 0.5; 1.1]	0.9	[ 0.6; 1.4]	1.1	[ 0.7; 1.6]	0.3439 ns
Col: Cantharidae img.	3.8	[ 2.4; 6.0]	5.3	[ 3.5; 7.9]	4.1	[ 2.7; 6.4]	0.4256 ns
Col: Carabidae img.	93.7	[ 78.0; 112.6]	99.4	[ 83.2; 118.9]	92.7	[ 77.1; 111.5]	0.8344 ns
Col: Carabidae lar.	4.4 a	[ 3.4; 5.6]	5.5 ab	[ 4.4; 7.0]	6.4 b	[ 5.1; 8.0]	0.0461 *
Col: Coccinellidae img.	0.2 a	[ 0.2; 0.4]	0.3 ab	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.5 b	[ 0.3; 0.7]	0.0220 *
Col: Coccinellidae lar.	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.6]	0.5	[ 0.3; 0.9]	0.6	[ 0.3; 1.0]	0.2257 ns
Col: Staphylinidae img.	84.9	[ 69.2; 104.1]	95.4	[ 78.6; 115.8]	93.1	[ 76.5; 113.3]	0.6613 ns
Col: Staphylinidae lar.	23.0	[ 18.5; 28.7]	27.5	[ 22.4; 33.9]	25.4	[ 20.5; 31.4]	0.3533 ns
Dermaptera	0.5 ab	[ 0.2; 1.1]	0.3 a	[ 0.1; 0.8]	0.8 b	[ 0.4; 1.7]	0.0255 *
Dip: Asilidae & Empidoidea img.	0.2	[ 0.0; 1.2]	0.2	[ 0.0; 1.5]	0.2	[ 0.0; 1.4]	0.5349 ns
Dip: Syrphidae img.	0.2	[ 0.1; 0.4]	0.2	[ 0.1; 0.4]	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.3388 ns
Dip: Syrphidae lar.	4.0 a	[ 2.5; 6.4]	7.0 b	[ 4.7; 10.6]	7.5 b	[ 5.0; 11.3]	0.0115 *
Hem: Nabidae img.	0.	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.6	[ 0.4; 0.9]	0.0609 ns
Hem: Nabidae nym.	0.2	[ 0.0; 1.2]	0.2	[ 0.0; 1.4]	0.2	[ 0.0; 1.0]	0.8076 ns
Hym: Parasitic wasps img.	67.6	[ 57.1; 80.1]	70.7	[ 59.9; 83.5]	78.6	[ 66.9; 92.3]	0.2821 ns
Neu: Chrysopidae adults	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.2]	0.7	[ 0.5; 1.1]	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.2]	0.9243 ns
Neu: Chrysopidae larvae	3.9	[ 2.9; 5.1]	4.3	[ 3.3; 5.6]	4.2	[ 3.2; 5.5]	0.8117 ns
Non-carnivores	Normal dosage		Half dosage		Quarter dosage		p-value
Col: Chrysomelidae img.	1.3	[ 0.9; 1.8]	1.3	[ 1.0; 1.8]	1.6	[ 1.2; 2.2]	0.4145 ns
Col: Chrysomelidae larvae	0.6	[ 0.2; 1.8]	0.4	[ 0.1; 1.4]	0.4	[ 0.1; 1.3]	0.7202 ns
Col: Cuculionidae img.	1.3	[ 0.9; 1.9]	1.9	[ 1.4; 2.7]	1.9	[ 1.4; 2.6]	0.1458 ns
Col: Elateridae img.	0.2	[ 0.0; 0.7]	0.3	[ 0.1; 1.0]	0.2	[ 0.0; 0.7]	0.5590 ns
Col: Lathridiidae img.	2.8	[ 2.1; 3.6]	2.6	[ 2.0; 3.4]	2.4	[ 1.8; 3.2]	0.7814 ns
Col: Meligethes img.	0.2	[ 0.1; 0.4]	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.4]	0.3	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.7068 ns
Diplopoda	1.7	[ 1.0; 3.1]	2.5	[ 1.5; 4.3]	2.2	[ 1.3; 3.8]	0.3392 ns
Dip: Bibionidae img.	0.1	[ 0.0; 2.9]	0.3	[ 0.0; 7.4]	0.1	[ 0.0; 3.4]	0.1673 ns
Dip: Tipulidae img.	1.0	[ 0.7; 1.4]	0.6	[ 0.4; 0.9]	0.9a	[ 0.7; 1.3]	0.0902 ns
Dip: Others img.	544.2	[ 422.6; 700.9]	389.4	[ 294.7; 514.6]	449.8	[ 344.4; 593.2]	0.0681 ns
Dip: Lar./pup.	3.0 a	[ 2.1; 4.1]	4.6 b	[ 3.4; 6.2]	4.1 ab	[ 3.0; 5.6]	0.0301 *
Hem: Auchenorrhyncha img.	6.7 a	[ 5.7; 7.9]	8.4 b	[ 7.2; 9.7]	8.2 b	[ 7.1; 9.6]	0.0317 *
Hem: Auchenorrhyncha nym.	0.8	[ 0.4; 1.3]	1.0	[ 0.6; 1.7]	0.8	[ 0.5; 1.4]	0.5604 ns
Hem: Miridae img.	0,3 a	[ 0,2; 1,8]	0,7 b	[ 0,5; 1,2]	0,8 b	[ 0,5; 1,2]	0,0041 *
Hem: Miridae nym.	0.1 a	[ 0.1; 0.3]	0.1 a	[ 0.1; 0.2]	0.3 b	[ 0.2; 0.5]	0.0050 **
Hym: Symphyta lar.	0.9	[ 0.6; 1.6]	1.2	[ 0.7; 1.9]	1.3	[ 0.8; 2.1]	0.3176 ns
Lepidoptera img.	0.1	[ 0.1; 0.3]	0.1	[ 0.1; 0.3]	0.2	[ 0.1; 0.5]	0.0891 ns
Lepidoptera lar.	0.6	[ 0.4; 0.8]	0.6	[ 0.4; 0.8]	0.6	[ 0.5; 0.9]	0.8574 ns