Deposition of Pesticides on the Soil Surface
Soil deposition values Appendix 1Winter wheatSpring barley Sugar beet Potatoes Soil deposition values to be used in the overall decision tool and by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency are shown in this appendix. The values are obtained by pooling together data from the last two experimental years where the spray liquid included a surface-active ingredient. In general it was intended to have a deposition situation representative to normal practice. This goal was aimed at using a standard practice concerning sowing time, plant density, fertilization and plant protection in order to obtain a crop with a representative development and crop cover. Traditional application techniques with fine atomizing hydraulic flat fan nozzles and a spray liquid including a surface-active ingredient mimicking formulated pesticides was used. The data are pooled in such a way that the growth stage intervals represented aimed at including at least one treatment from each of the 2 years. This ensures that yearly variations are included in the values given. The disadvantage is that the growth stage intervals are not as logical as the way the BBCH growth stage is. Data were log-transformed before the analysis of variance was performed. The values shown in the following are back-transformed values. The mean soil deposition values calculated are given for each growth stage interval together with the 95% upper- and lower-confidence limits for the expected value of the dependent variable (mean) for each observation. It is recommended to use the winter wheat deposition values as representative values for winter cereal crops, and to use the spring barley values as values representative for spring cereals. For those crops where Danish experimental values do not exist it is recommended to use the FOCUS 2002 values. The FOCUS (2002) values are shown in comparison to the experimental Danish values and in Table 5 and 6. Soil deposition values used for insecticide applications in spruce plantations is based on Danish experience (Rubow pers comm.) and is shown in table 7. The time interval were a growth stage (BBCH) was registered during the two growing seasons 2000-2001 is shown in Table 8. Winter wheat
Remarks: The most pronounced deviation between the Danish values and FOCUS 2002 values is seen at growth stages from 38-71 (BBCH) where the Danish deposition values are below the FOCUS values. FOCUS uses the same values for winter and spring cereals. Spring barley
Remarks: The Danish values and the FOCUS values are in good accordance. The Danish deposition values are above the FOCUS values at growth stages above 49 (BBCH). FOCUS uses the same values for winter and spring cereals. Sugar beet
Remarks: Good accordance between Danish values and FOCUS values at early growth stages. Lower Danish values at the late growth stage (39 BBCH). Potatoes
Remarks: Higher soil deposition values in Danish investigation at early growth stages (10-32 BBCH) than the estimates/experimental FOCUS values. Lower Danish values at late growth stages (59-79 BBCH).
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