Table 6.2.1. Comparison of changes in female external genitalia described in four polar bears from Svalbard by Wiig et al. (1998) and in one polar bear from Central East Greenland (Scoresby Sound). Svalbard   Svalbard      Central East Greenland two yearlings two 15-yrs 1 specimen Year 1996 1990/97 1999 Location Svalbard Svalbard Scoresby Sound Sex F F F Age Yearling 15-yr App. 15-yr Vulvae (undevelop-enlarged-swollen) Undeveloped Swollen Swollen   Status of reproduction Juvenile Estrous Estrous Gll. mammae Undeveloped No milk/milk No milk Female with cup(s) No No/weaned or lost cubs     No Female in company (adult male) No No/Yes No Vaginal opening Normal Normal Normal   Penis/clitoris Length ³ 20 mm penis ³ 20 mm ³ 27 mm Width ³ 22 mm   Height ³ 21 mm   Baculum Yes No ? Location of penis/ clitoris Caudal to normal Normal Normal Concealing The vaginal opening Normal Normal     by a single pair of labia   Urethral opening 5 mm laterally to the Normal Not investigated   distal end of the penis Y-chromosomes No Not investigated No