Contents, Danish Environmental Protection Agency

Waterbased cleaning of mixing vessels

Preface

Sammenfatning og konklusioner

Summary and conclusions

1	Introduction
1.1	Description of problem

2	Environmental Regulation
2.1	National legislation and EC directives
2.2	VOC limits and threshold values
2.3	Implementation of the VOC Directive

3	Approaches to Cutting VOC Emissions

4	Procedure and Methodology

5	Investigation Program
5.1	Preliminary tests
5.2	Full-scale tests

6	Results of Tests at Manufacturers' Plants
6.1	Results of test program carried out in 1997
6.2	Preliminary tests
6.2.1	Results of preliminary tests at Renzmann
6.2.2	Results of preliminary tests at Riobeer
6.3	Results of full-scale tests at Renzmann
6.3.1	Equipment used for the tests
6.3.2	Cleaning media
6.3.3	Tests and test results
6.3.4	Assessment of test results

7	Experience with Implementation and Operation of Water-based Cleaning Technology
7.1	General remarks
7.2	Cleaning Agents
7.3	Cleaning technology
7.3.1	Technical process
7.3.2	Action of pressure jet and mechanical cleaning using brushes
7.4	Personnel protection and safety precautions
7.5	Environmental impact
7.5.1	Emissions to surroundings and within working areas
7.5.2	Wastewater treatment
7.5.3	Residues

8	Cost Comparison between Water– and Solvent-based Cleaning
8.1	Costs for water-based and alternative cleaning agents

Appendix A.1 Flowsheet

Appendix A.2 Photos

Appendix A.3 Cleaning of wastewater

Appendix B 1997 report Translation of "Cleaner Technology within the Lacquer and Paint Industry"

Appendix C Photos from preliminary test (Renzmann)