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Geographical, technological and temporal delimitations in LCA

Contents

Preface to the series

Preface to the guideline

Summary

1. Introduction

• 1.1 Perspective and purpose
• 1.2 Applications
• 1.3 The contribution of market-based procedures to improved system delimitation

2. Market-based system delimitation

• 2.1 Building product system models
• 2.2 Procedure
  • 2.2.1 Step 1: Identifying the scale and time horizon of the studied change
  • 2.2.2 Step 2: Market delimitation
  • 2.2.3 Step 3: Identifying the market trend
  • 2.2.4 Step 4: Identifying production constraints
  • 2.2.5 Step 5: Identifying the suppliers/technologies most sensitive to a change in demand
• 2.3 Default assumptions
• 2.4 Uncertainties in identifying the correct processes to include

3. Handling multi-functional systems

• 3.1 Solving the co-product allocation problem: From multiple to single functions
• 3.2 Procedure
  • 3.2.1 Step 1: Treating combined production: co-products with independently variable outputs
  • 3.2.2 Step 2: Identifying a product as determining for the volume of the co-producing process
  • 3.2.3 Step 3: Identifying the co-product that determines the volume of intermediate processes
  • 3.2.4 Step 4: Identifying displaced processes
  • 3.2.5 The procedure as a flow-chart
• 3.3 Waste or co-product?
• 3.4 Recycling
  • 3.4.1 Downcycling
  • 3.4.2 Relation to the EDIP'97-procedure
• 3.5 Complex situations
  • 3.5.1 More than two co-products
  • 3.5.2 Intermediate processes that have multiple products
  • 3.5.3 Displaced processes that have multiple products
• 3.6 Traditional co-product allocation as a special case of the presented procedure
• 3.7 Relation to the procedure of ISO 14041

4. Forecasting procedures

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Determining the parts of the product systems for which forecasting is relevant
• 4.3 Determining the necessary detail of forecasting
• 4.4 Choosing the relevant forecasting method
• 4.5 Forecasting by extrapolation

Annex 1. Some important terms used in this document

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Version 1.0 December 2005, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency