Denmark's Climate Policy Objectives and Achievements

Denmark's Climate Policy Objectives and Achievements

Notes

1 (Decision 22/CP.7 and Decision 25/CP.8)

2 The ”with measures” baseline projection presented in this report is the most recent projection. It was finalised in May 2005 and it is in general based on expected effects of policies and measures implemented or adopted until the end of 2004. Due to the adoption of additional energy-savings initiatives in 2005, up-dated projections in the offshore sector and new IEA projections of energy prices, an up-date of the May 2005 “with measures” projection has been initiated. However, results from this up-date will not be available until the beginning of 2006. Preliminary results suggest that the action plan on additional energy-savings initiatives could lead to a 2 mill. tonnes further reduction in annual CO₂ emissions 2008-2012.

3 It should be noted that Greenland is not included in the European Union.

4 For Faroe Islands, which is also a part of the Realm, territorial reservation was taken in connection with the Kingdom of Denmark's ratification of the Kyoto Protocol. And the Faroe Islands are not included in the European Union.

5 http://www.retsinfo.dk/

6 Denmark's Greenhouse Gas Projection up to 2012, an up-date including preliminary projection up to 2017, December 2002, Jørgen Fenham, UNEP-centre.

7 Difference between 20 and 25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, depending on the outcome the EU's final setting of the individual EU countries' reductions, which is to take place in 2006, including consideration for Denmark's correction to the import of electric power in the base year 1990.

8 ”Danmarks udledning af CO₂ – indsatsen i perioden 1990.2001 og omkostningerne herved” (Denmark's CO₂ emissions -the effort in the period 1990-2001 and the associated costs), Report from the Danish EPA, No. 2, April 2005 (Main report http://www.mst.dk/udgiv/publikationer/2005/87-7614-587-5/pdf/87-7614-588-3.pdf and Annex report: http://www.mst.dk/udgiv/publikationer/2005/87-7614-589-1/html)

9 http://www.ens.dk/graphics/CO2_kvoter/Kvoteomfattede_ Produktionsenheder_2005-01-13b.xls (in English: http://www.mst.dk/transportuk/pdf/NAPeng.xls)

10 http://www.mst.dk/transport/01100000.htm

11 Under the Kyoto Protocol, Denmark's base year is 1990 for CO₂, methane and nitrous oxide, whereas 1995 will be chosen as base year for the industrial gases (HFCs, PFCs, and SF₆) cf. Article 3.8 of the protocol.

12 Under the Kyoto Protocol, the LULUCF category is dealt with separately under articles 3.3 and 3.4. Since effects of afforestation must be included as a contribution to fulfilling the reduction target, according to article 3.3, these are also included here. Since it is optional to include effects of activities under article 3.4 and Denmark has not yet made a decision on this, these effects are excluded here.

13 See http://ens.dk/graphics/Publikationer/Energipolitik_UK/Energy_Strategy_2025/index.htm

14 See http://ens.dk/graphics/Publikationer/Energipolitik/TRM_ handlingsplan_web.pdf

15 Olesen et al., 2004

16 Olesen et al., 2004: Olesen, J.E., Petersen, S.O., Gyldenkærne, S., Mikkelsen, M.H., Jacobsen, B.H., Vesterdal, L., Jørgensen, A.M.K., Christensen, B.T., Abildtrup, J., Heidmann, T. & Rubæk, G. (2004). Jordbrug og klimaændringer -samspil til vandmiljø.planer. (Agriculture and climate change -interaction with action plans for the aquatic environment) DJF report Markbrug no. 109.

17 Olesen, 2005: Olesen, J.E. (2005). Muligheder for reduktion af drivhusgasemissioner i jordbruget. (Possible ways of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture) In: Olesen, J.E. (red). Drivhusgasser fra jordbruget -reduktionsmuligheder. (Greenhouse gases from agriculture – reduction possibilities) DJF report Markbrug no. 113, pp. 12-32.

18 Olesen et al., 2001: Olesen, J.E., Andersen, J.M., Jacobsen, B.H., Hvelplund, T., Jørgensen, U., Schou, J.S., Graversen, J., Dalgaard, T. & Fenhann, J. (2001). Kvantificering af tre tiltag til reduktion af landbrugets udledning af drivhusgasser. (Quantification of three measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture) DJF report Markbrug 48.

19 ”LUCF” stands for ”Land-Use Change and Forestry”. This is a source category in the UN guidelines for making inventories on greenhouse gas emissions and removals under the Climate Convention, under which CO₂ emissions and removals in connection with land-use changes feature. According to articles 3.3 and 3.4 of the protocol, only certain parts of this can be included. So, persuant to the reporting commitments under the Climate Convention, net CO₂ emissions and total greenhouse gas emissions are to be reported both with and without inclusion of this source category.

20 http://www.mst.dk/transport/01041000.htm

21 However, in 2002 the (Environment) Council and the Commission adopted a political declaration stating that the calculation of the assigned amounts (measured in tonnes) in 2006 shall take into account Denmark's statement in connection with the Burden Sharing Agreement in 1998, i.a. stating that Denmark's reductions shall be seen in relation to an adjusted 1990 level, and that the adoption of additional common European measures is assumed.

22 http://www.ens.dk/graphics/Publikationer/Energipolitik/energipol_tiltag_CO2effekt.pdf.