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In Vivo Investigation of Dietary Exposure to 5 Pesticides
Table of Contents
Preface
Sammendrag og konklusion
Summary and conclusions
1 Introduction
2 Background – initial study
2.1 Objectives
2.2 Material and methods
2.3 Results
2.4 Discussion and conclusions
3 The five pesticides mode of action, target organ and possible interactions
3.1 Alphacypermethrin
3.2 Bromopropylate
3.3 Carbendazim
3.4 Chlorpyrifos
3.5 Mancozeb
3.6 Possible interaction between the five pesticides
4 Dose-response study of Chlorpyrifos
4.1 Objectives of the dose-response study of chlorpyrifos
4.2 Material and methods
4.2.1 Animals
4.2.2 Environment
4.2.3 Diet and water
4.2.4 Test and control substances
4.2.5 Pre-test procedures
4.2.6 Experimental procedures
4.2.7 Terminal procedures
4.2.8 Pathology
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Clinical signs, morbidity and mortality
4.3.2 Body weights
4.3.3 Relative food and water consumption
4.3.4 Functional observational battery (FOB)
4.3.5 Motor activity measurements
4.3.6 Eye examinations
4.3.7 Acetylcholinesterase activity
4.3.8 Pathology
4.4 Discussion and conclusion of the dose-response study
5 Combined exposure study
5.1 Hypothesis and objectives of the combined exposure study
5.2 Material and methods
5.2.1 Animals
5.2.2 Environment
5.2.3 Diet and water
5.2.4 Test and control substances
5.2.6 Experimental procedures
5.2.7 Plasma pesticide concentrations
5.2.8 Terminal procedures
5.2.9 Data evaluation
5.3 Results
5.3.1Clinical signs, morbidity and mortality
5.3.2 Body weights
5.3.3 Relative food and water consumption
5.3.4 Functional observational battery (FOB)
5.3.5 Motor activity measurement
5.3.6 Eye examinations
5.3.7 Acetylcholinesterase activity
5.3.8 Plasma pesticides concentrations
5.3.9 Haematology
5.3.10 Pathology
5.4 Conclusions of the combined exposure study
6 Discussion
6.1 CNS-symptoms and brain acetylcholinesterase
6.2 Plasma acetylcholinesterase
6.3 Plasma pesticide concentration
6.4 Diet pesticide concentration
6.5 Organ weight changes
6.5.1 Liver
6.5.2 Thyroid
6.5.3 Thymus
6.6 Blood
6.7 Risk assessment
7 Overall conclusions
8 Perspectives
9 List of used abbreviations
10 References
Appendix A:
Summary of the GLP report from the initial study (in danish)
1 Resumé
2 Formål
3 Forsøgsdesign
4 Materialer og metoder
4.1 Test- og kontrolstof
4.2 Dyr
4.3 Modtagelse, randomisering og mærkning af dyr
4.4 Opstaldning af forsøgsdyr
4.5 Foder/fodringsmønster
4.6 Vand
4.7 Holdinddeling og dosering
4.8 Biologiske parametre
4.9 Blodprøvetagning
4.10 Urinopsamling
4.11 Klinisk kemiske parametre
4.12 Hæmatologiske parametre
4.13 Morfologiske undersøgelser af urin
4.14 Patologiske parametre
4.15 Statistiske metoder til behandling af data
4.16 Rapportering
4.17 Arkivering
5 Resutater
5.1 Kliniske observationer
5.2 Legemsvægt
5.3 Tilvækst
5.4 Foderforbrug og relativt foderforbrug
5.5 Vandforbrug og relativt vandforbrug
5.6 Klinisk biokemi
5.7 Hæmatologi
5.8 Patologi
6 Diskussion
7 Referencer
Appendix B:
Dose-response study of Chlorpyrifos
B3. Absolute organ weights, group results female
Appendix C:
Haematology, organ weights, macroscopic and microscopic pathology of the combined exposure study
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