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Calibration of Models Describing Pesticide Fate and Transport in Lillebæk and Odder Bæk Catchment

Contents

Preface

Sammenfatning og konklusioner

Summary and Conclusions

1 Introduction

• 1.1 Basic information on the selected catchments
• 1.2 Basic information on the two stream

2 Model Descriptions Selected

• 2.1 Deposition on Soil
• 2.2 Wind Drift
• 2.3 Dry Deposition
• 2.4 Soil Surface Processes
• 2.5 Processes in the Soil Matrix
• 2.6 Macropore- and colloid transport
• 2.7 Transport in drains and groundwater
• 2.8 Transport in the groundwater
• 2.9 Transport in streams
• 2.10 Sedimentation and re-suspension in ponds and streams
• 2.11 Diffusive exchange between the water column and the sediment
• 2.12 Sorption to sediment particles and suspended matter
• 2.13 Sorption to macrophytes
• 2.14 Biological degradation of pesticides
• 2.15 Photolytic degradation of pesticides
• 2.16 Evaporation of pesticides
• 2.17 Chemical or hydrolytic degradation of pesticides

3 Model Setup

• 3.1 Modelling water flow in the catchments
  • 3.1.1 Discretisation
  • 3.1.2 Boundary conditions
  • 3.1.3 Climatic variables
  • 3.1.4 Vegetation parameters
  • 3.1.5 Soil parameters
  • 3.1.6 Geological description and hydraulic parameters
  • 3.1.7 Drains
  • 3.1.8 Abstraction
• 3.2 Modelling water flow in the stream models
  • 3.2.1 Cross-sections
• 3.3 Pesticide model for the catchment
  • 3.3.1 Spraying data
  • 3.3.2 Pesticide properties
  • 3.3.3 Organic matter
  • 3.3.4 Standard values
• 3.4 Pesticide model for streams and ponds
  • 3.4.1 Solar insolation
  • 3.4.2 Dispersion
  • 3.4.3 Suspended matter, temperature and pH
  • 3.4.4 Biomass of macrophytes
  • 3.4.5 Sediment bed
  • 3.4.6 Sorption to sediment and suspended matter
  • 3.4.7 Sorption to macrophytes
  • 3.4.8 Biological degradation in pore water and water column
  • 3.4.9 Biological degradation at macrophytes

4 Calibration and Validation of Water Flow

• 4.1 Data for calibration
• 4.2 Calibration of water flow
  • 4.2.1 Initial calibration of the MIKE 11 HD model
  • 4.2.2 Calibration of the MIKE SHE model

5 Calibration of Artificial Ponds

• 5.1 Calibration and validation
• 5.2 Process considered in the calibration
  • 5.2.1 Calibration of biodegradation in the sediment
  • 5.2.2 Calibration of the sorption to macrophytes
  • 5.2.3 Calibration of the photolysis
  • 5.2.4 Calibration of the effective diffusion coefficient
  • 5.2.5 The quantitative importance of the different process
• 5.3 Calibration results
  • 5.3.1 Pendimethalin
  • 5.3.2 Bentazon
• 5.4 Verification of pesticide model for artificial ponds
  • 5.4.1 Glyphosate
  • 5.4.2 Pendimethalin
  • 5.4.3 Fenpropimorph
  • 5.4.4 Ioxynil
• 5.5 Conclusion on the calibration and verification

6 Calibration and Validation of Pesticide Transport in the Catchment

• 6.1 Procedure
• 6.2 Simulation Results
  • 6.2.1 Odder Bęk
  • 6.2.2 Lillebęk
• 6.3 Pesticide in drains
  • 6.3.1 Pesticide simulations in drain areas in Lillebęk
• 6.4 Uncertainty on the results caused by uncertainty on Koc and DT50

7 Discussion

• 7.1 Choice of model
• 7.2 Process descriptions
  • 7.2.1 Parameter choice
• 7.3 Steering parameters

8 Evaluation of the Appropriateness of the Chosen Model for Description of Fate and Transport of Pesticides in Lillebęk and Odder Bęk Catchment

9 References

Appendix A - Water Balances and Issues related to Precipitation Data in the Odder Bæk-Catchment

Appendix B - Derivation of Parameters for the Unsaturated Zone

Appendix C - Pond Characteristics

Appendix D - Pesticide Characteristics used for the Pond and Stream Model

Appendix E - Areas sprayed with selected Pesticides in the Odder Bæk Catchment and Possibilities of Measurements of Wind Drift

Appendix F - Areas sprayed with selected Pesticides in the Lillebæk Catchment and Possibilities of Measurements of Wind Drift

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Version 1.0 November 2004, © Danish Environmental Protection Agency